Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42383153›Full record

ArticleGynecologic oncology reports2026

Endometrial thickness in patients with postmenopausal bleeding and endometrial cancer: A retrospective cohort study.

Joyce Liu, Angela C Nolin, Shakthi Unnithan, Alaattin Erkanli, Katherine Penvose, Sage Atkins, Sharonne Holtzman, Isabel Chess, Aliza Vattakalam, Stephanie V Blank and 5 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Gynecologic oncology reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Joyce LiuDuke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
Angela C NolinHartford Healthcare Cancer Institute, Hartford, CT, USA.
Shakthi UnnithanDepartment of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University School of Medicine, USA.
Alaattin ErkanliDepartment of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University School of Medicine, USA.
Katherine PenvoseDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University School of Medicine, USA.
Sage AtkinsDuke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
Sharonne HoltzmanDivision of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
Isabel ChessDivision of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
Aliza VattakalamDivision of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA.
Stephanie V BlankDivision of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
Jason D WrightDivision of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA.
Benjamin B AlbrightDivision of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
William D HazeltonFred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
Evan R MyersDuke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
Laura J HavrileskyDuke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objective: Updated ACOG guidelines recommend a combined approach of transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS) and endometrial sampling for evaluation of most postmenopausal bleeding (PMB). Although prior studies investigating the reliability of TVUS suggest that non-endometrioid endometrial cancer subtypes present with thinner endometrium, some included cases with incomplete endometrial visualization. We therefore evaluated endometrial thickness (ET) by cancer subtype while controlling for incomplete endometrial visualization. Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study of patients with PMB who underwent TVUS followed by tissue-confirmed endometrial cancer at three academic centers (2013-2022). Cancers were classified as endometrioid or non-endometrioid (serous, clear cell, carcinosarcoma, undifferentiated). Fibroid presence, endometrial visualization, and race/ethnicity were recorded. Patients with incomplete endometrial visualization were excluded from endometrial thickness analysis. Appropriate nonparametric statistical comparisons were performed. Results: Among 171 analysis-eligible patients (121 endometrioid, 50 non-endometrioid), non-endometrioid cancers were more common among non-Hispanic Black (53%) than non-Hispanic White (20%) or Hispanic patients (25%). Patients with non-endometrioid cancers were more likely to have incompletely visualized endometria (34% vs 9.1%, Conclusion: When endometrium was fully visualized, non-endometrioid cancers did not present with thinner ET than endometrioid cancers, and a 4 mm cutoff may miss 5.6% of cancers. Incomplete visualization, more common in non-endometrioid disease, may lead to additional missed diagnoses, supporting universal endometrial sampling for PMB.

Indexed as

Endometrial cancerEndometrial thicknessEndometrial visualizationPostmenopausal bleedingTransvaginal ultrasound

Identifiers

PMID42383153
PMCPMC13315767

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.