ArticleFrontiers in endocrinology2026
Comparative study of noninvasive chromosomal screening using blastocyst culture media: frozen-thawed embryos outperform fresh embryos.
Article in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A) can improve embryo selection in assisted reproductive technology; however, the trophectoderm (TE) biopsy required for testing is invasive and may compromise embryo integrity. While noninvasive chromosomal screening (NICS) using cell-free DNA from spent embryo culture medium (SECM) is a promising alternative, its research in frozen-thawed embryos remains limited. We systematically evaluated and compared the detection performance of SECM-based NICS in fresh and frozen-thawed embryos and explored its clinical application potential. Overall, 104 SECM samples from 27 couples who were undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection-PGT-A were analyzed (65 from the fresh group and 39 from the frozen-thawed group). TE biopsy results were used as the gold standard for assessing NICS efficacy. A paired-sample design was employed to conduct synchronous sequencing analyses of TE biopsy cells, fresh SECM, frozen-thawed SECM, and whole-embryo samples from 24 embryos. Results: The overall detection success rate of the NICS was 98.08%. When TE biopsy was used as the gold standard, the overall sensitivity, specificity, and clinical consistency of the NICS were 88.46%, 50%, and 79.41%, respectively. Stratified analysis showed that, for SECM-NICS, frozen-thawed embryos demonstrated higher DNA library concentrations ( Conclusion: The detection performance of NICS based on frozen-thawed SECM demonstrated superior sensitivity, PPV, and consistency with the actual chromosomal status compared with that using fresh embryos; this approach, as a noninvasive method, demonstrates potential for genetic assessment of cryopreserved embryos, potentially avoiding the need for secondary, invasive biopsies.
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