The Clinicodemographic Features of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Single-Centre Retrospective Study.

Introduction: In this retrospective study, a cohort from a Tertiary level Institute at Eastern Nepal was examined for clinicodemographic features of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Materials and Methods: From 2014 to 2023, a total of 523 OSCC patients with histological confirmation were included. Descriptive statistics and chi-square tests were used to assess socio-demographic, habitual and clinicopathological data that were gathered from archival records. Results: The age group of 51-60 years old had the largest incidence of male patients (72.27%). Geographically, the Sunsari district accounted for most cases. Chewing smokeless tobacco (49.71%) was the most prevalent habit, lasting 10-20 years on average. The labial vestibule (37.2%) and the buccal vestibule (34.9%) were the most common main locations. Most lesions measured 2-4 cm and presented clinically as ulceroproliferative growths. At presentation, most lesions (68.45%) were painless. Conclusion: As per this study, in Eastern Nepal, OSCC primarily affects older men who have used smokeless tobacco in the past. It frequently manifests as painless ulceroproliferative lesions, which delays diagnosis. This hospital-based study shows that OSCC frequently manifests as painless ulceroproliferative lesions and typically affects older males with long-standing smokeless tobacco usage in Eastern Nepal. The results offer valuable regional clinicodemographic information that could help with tobacco control efforts, awareness campaigns and early clinical detection of suspicious oral lesions.