Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42381381›Full record

ArticleDrug delivery2026

Wedelactone-loaded exosomes for sepsis-induced liver injury: a novel therapeutic strategy.

Yanping Yin, Lulu Zhang, Yanli Yin, Jinyi Zhao, Rui Gong, Xuan Zhou, Haiyue Zhang, Fei Mu, Jingwen Wang

Erratum issuedAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Drug delivery, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Yanping YinDepartment of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
Lulu ZhangDepartment of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
Yanli YinZhejiang Garden Nutrition Technology Co., Ltd., Jin'hua, China.
Jinyi ZhaoDepartment of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
Rui GongDepartment of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
Xuan ZhouDepartment of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
Haiyue ZhangDepartment of Health Statistics, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
Fei MuDepartment of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
Jingwen WangDepartment of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Sepsis-induced liver injury (SILI) is an important cause of death in intensive care patients, which seriously affects clinical prognosis. Wedelolactone (WEL) exhibits hepatoprotective properties, however, its clinical application is constrained by its poor solubility and insufficient targeting ability. Therefore, in this study, an innovative exosome (Exo)-based drug delivery system loaded with WEL (Exo@WEL) was constructed. The aim was to enhance the liver-targeting efficacy and therapeutic performance of WEL. Exo were extracted from the mice macrophages cell line RAW264.7 by differential centrifugation, and WEL was successfully loaded using ultrasonic incubation. Exo@WEL was characterized by TEM, particle size analysis, and NTA, confirming its structural suitability as an exogenous agent. DiR labeling revealed that Exo@WEL had a significantly enhanced liver-targeting ability compared to WEL. Safety was confirmed by HE staining test. In the SILI models, Exo@WEL showed better hepatoprotection over WEL. Beyond entinfinmtory actvity menifested y decreased ro infammatory rokines, Exo@WEL reinforced antioxidant function and efectively restained feroptosis. Importantly, pharmacological inhibition of ML385, a selective Nrf2 inhibitor, confirmed the critical regulatory role of the Nrf2 pathway in mediating these multifaceted liver protective effects. This study pioneered the development of a targeted Exo-based nanoplatform (Exo@WEL) for SILI therapy. The mechanism study has revealed a potential therapeutic strategy for inhibiting oxidative stress and ferroptosis by regulating the Nrf2/SLC7A11/GPX4 axis. This preparation provides a novel nanotherapeutic strategy that combines high efficiency and safety for the treatment of SILI. These findings also lay a theoretical foundation for the clinical translation of Exo drug delivery systems.

Indexed as

CoumarinsExosomesLiver DiseasesSepsisAnimalsAntioxidantsDrug Delivery SystemsLiverMaleMiceNaphthalenesNF-E2-Related Factor 2Oxidative StressParticle SizeRAW 264.7 CellsAntioxidantsCoumarinsNaphthalenesNF-E2-Related Factor 2wedelolactoneexosomeferroptosisoxidative stressSepsis-induced liver injurywedelactone

Identifiers

PMID42381381
PMCPMC13495035

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.