A case of neonatal Langerhans cell histiocytosis initially presenting with haemorrhagic vesicles: a case report and literature review.

Yang Xiang, Yuan-Xiang Qiu, Zhi-Guang Chen, Liang Zhang

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In one paragraph

Review in BMC pediatrics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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4 authors.

Yang Xiang *Department of Neonatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nan Jing Northern Street, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, China.

Yuan-Xiang Qiu *Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 72 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210000, China.

Zhi-Guang Chen *Department of Neonatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nan Jing Northern Street, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, China.

Liang ZhangDepartment of Neonatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nan Jing Northern Street, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, China. Lzhang@cmu.edu.cn.

Funding

Department of Education of Liaoning Province LJKMZ20221158

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundNeonatal Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) presenting with haemorrhagic vesicles as the initial manifestation is exceedingly rare. CASE PRESENTATION: A neonate with generalized hemorrhagic vesicles and partial erosion/crusting at birth, The initial differential diagnosis included infections such as syphilis, toxoplasmosis, rubella, cytomegalovirus, and herpes simplex virus; however, specific antibody testing for these pathogens in both the mother and infant returned negative results. The diagnosis of LCH was confirmed by dermatological consultation and histopathological examination.The infant was treated with intravenous cefotaxime-sulbactam and topical fusidic acid & hirudoid cream, leading to gradual crusting of haemorrhagic vesicles. Follow-up at 3-4 weeks postpartum showed resolution of skin lesions, with no recurrence observed after 2 months.

conclusionsIn this study, we documented a unique and notable manifestation of neonatal Langerhans cell histiocytosis.

Indexed as

HemorrhageHistiocytosis, Langerhans-CellSkin Diseases, VesiculobullousDiagnosis, DifferentialHumansInfant, NewbornMaleDiagnosisLangerhans cell histiocytosisNewborn

Identifiers

PMID42380923

DOI10.1186/s12887-026-07216-4

PMCPMC13599196

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