Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42380553›Full record

ReviewDiabetes, obesity & metabolism2026

GLP-1-Based Therapies in Type 1 Diabetes: Emerging Evidence on Cardiovascular, Renal, and Safety Outcomes.

Anastasios Tentolouris, Djordje S Popovic, Alexandros L Liarakos, Alexandros Briasoulis, Nikolaos Papanas, Theocharis Koufakis

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Diabetes, obesity & metabolism, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Anastasios TentolourisFirst Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine and Diabetes Center, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, Athens, Greece.ORCID 0000-0001-5897-472X
Djordje S PopovicClinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, Clinical Centre of Vojvodina, Medical Faculty, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia.ORCID 0000-0002-2763-1326
Alexandros L LiarakosDepartment of Diabetes and Endocrinology, University Hospitals of Derby and Burton NHS Foundation Trust, Royal Derby Hospital, Derby, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-1713-3064
Alexandros BriasoulisDepartment of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine, Alexandra General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.ORCID 0000-0002-5740-9670
Nikolaos PapanasDiabetes Centre, Second Department of Internal Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Alexandroupolis, Greece.
Theocharis KoufakisSecond Propaedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, Hippokration General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundIndividuals living with type 1 diabetes (T1D) are at increased risk for cardiovascular (CV) and renal complications, yet therapeutic strategies specifically targeting cardiorenal risk reduction in this population remain limited. The role of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1)-based therapies in T1D remains unclear.

methodsWe conducted a review of published studies examining the CV, clinical, and renal effects of GLP-1-based therapies in people with T1D, while also evaluating safety outcomes and future research priorities.

resultsThree observational real-world studies evaluating GLP-1-based therapies in adults with T1D were identified. Overall, these studies demonstrated clinically meaningful reductions in all-cause mortality, hospitalisation, heart failure, and composite CV outcomes. Renal benefits were also observed, including lower risks of early estimated glomerular filtration rate decline and end-stage kidney disease. Importantly, no consistent increase in diabetic ketoacidosis or severe hypoglycemia was identified, supporting a generally reassuring safety profile. These findings challenge the traditional view of GLP-1 receptor agonists as therapies of predominantly glycemic relevance in T1D and support their potential role in cardiorenal risk reduction. Nevertheless, the currently available evidence is entirely observational and warrants confirmation through prospective randomised studies specifically designed for T1D populations.

conclusionCurrent real-world evidence suggests that GLP-1-based therapies in T1D may provide clinically meaningful CV and renal benefits with a reassuring safety profile; however, adequately powered randomised trials are needed to confirm these findings.

Indexed as

Cardiovascular DiseasesDiabetes Mellitus, Type 1Diabetic NephropathiesGlucagon-Like Peptide 1Hypoglycemic AgentsGlucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor AgonistsHumansTreatment OutcomeGlucagon-Like Peptide 1Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor AgonistsHypoglycemic Agentscardiovascular outcomesglucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonistsheart failurekidney diseasereal‐world evidencetype 1 diabetes mellitus

Identifiers

PMID42380553
PMCPMC13538808

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.