Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42380382›Full record

ReviewEmergency radiology2026

Emergency radiology of severe acute injury in extreme alpine summer sports: a pictorial essay.

Milena Calabrese, Federica Vaccarino, Rossana Franciosi, Carlo Cosimo Quattrocchi, Marco Parillo

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Emergency radiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Milena CalabreseDepartment of Radiological Sciences and Medical Imaging, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata del Trentino (ASUIT) Provincia Autonoma Di Trento, Trento, Italy.
Federica VaccarinoDepartment of Radiological Sciences and Medical Imaging, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata del Trentino (ASUIT) Provincia Autonoma Di Trento, Trento, Italy.
Rossana FranciosiDepartment of Radiological Sciences and Medical Imaging, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata del Trentino (ASUIT) Provincia Autonoma Di Trento, Trento, Italy.
Carlo Cosimo QuattrocchiDepartment of Radiological Sciences and Medical Imaging, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata del Trentino (ASUIT) Provincia Autonoma Di Trento, Trento, Italy. carlo.quattrocchi@unitn.it.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6823-7707
Marco ParilloDepartment of Radiological Sciences and Medical Imaging, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata del Trentino (ASUIT) Provincia Autonoma Di Trento, Trento, Italy.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Extreme alpine summer sports are increasingly popular and expose participants to high-energy trauma in remote mountain environments. This pictorial essay reviews the emergency radiology of severe acute injuries associated with down-hill mountain biking, rock climbing, paragliding, BASE jumping, canyoning, and rafting, with emphasis on mechanism-based imaging interpretation. Injury patterns differ across disciplines but are largely determined by velocity, fall height, landing posture, impact surface, axial loading, torsional forces, and water-related hazards. Down-hill mountain biking commonly produces extremity, thoracic, craniofacial, abdominal, and spinal injuries after high-speed crashes or handlebar impact. Rock climbing and paragliding frequently involve falls from height and hard landings, leading to thoracolumbar fractures, pelvic trauma, calcaneal or ankle injuries, and, in severe cases, neurologic compromise or visceral injury. BASE jumping is associated with high-velocity landing trauma, particularly involving the lower limbs, pelvis, and spine. Canyoning and rafting combine blunt trauma with environmental risks such as submersion, aspiration, hypothermia, and drowning-related complications. In high-energy trauma or polytrauma, whole-body computed tomography is the cornerstone of emergency assessment, enabling rapid evaluation of head, spine, chest, abdomen, and pelvis. Radiography remains useful for isolated appendicular injuries, whereas magnetic resonance imaging is essential for spinal cord, ligamentous, marrow, and selected soft-tissue injuries. Awareness of sport-specific mechanisms helps radiologists optimize image selection, maintain an appropriate search pattern, recognize injuries that may coexist after axial loading, and communicate urgent findings promptly. A mechanism-oriented approach may improve diagnostic accuracy, guide multidisciplinary management, and reduce missed injuries in patients presenting after alpine summer extreme sports trauma.

Indexed as

Athletic InjuriesMountaineeringHumansTomography, X-Ray ComputedAthletic InjuriesDiagnostic ImagingEmergency MedicineMagnetic Resonance ImagingMultiple Trauma.Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Identifiers

PMID42380382
PMCPMC13633319

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.