Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42377625›Full record

ReviewMolecular biology reports2026

Multi-omics approaches to parkinsonism: genomic, proteomic, and non-coding RNA perspectives.

S Anusha, Sharanappa Gurikar, S B Kavyashree, Sahana Nagaraju, Bharathi Doddla Raghunathanaidu, Syed Sagheer Ahmed

Abstract readReview
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In one paragraph

Review in Molecular biology reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

S AnushaDepartment of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sri Adichunchanagiri College of Pharmacy, Adichunchanagiri University, B. G. Nagara, Mandya, 571448, Karnataka, India.
Sharanappa GurikarDepartment of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sri Adichunchanagiri College of Pharmacy, Adichunchanagiri University, B. G. Nagara, Mandya, 571448, Karnataka, India.
S B KavyashreeDepartment of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sri Adichunchanagiri College of Pharmacy, Adichunchanagiri University, B. G. Nagara, Mandya, 571448, Karnataka, India.
Sahana NagarajuDepartment of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sri Adichunchanagiri College of Pharmacy, Adichunchanagiri University, B. G. Nagara, Mandya, 571448, Karnataka, India.
Bharathi Doddla RaghunathanaiduDepartment of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sri Adichunchanagiri College of Pharmacy, Adichunchanagiri University, B. G. Nagara, Mandya, 571448, Karnataka, India.
Syed Sagheer AhmedDepartment of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sri Adichunchanagiri College of Pharmacy, Adichunchanagiri University, B. G. Nagara, Mandya, 571448, Karnataka, India. sagheer@accp.co.in.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder with significant variability associated with substantial loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Currently, there are limited opportunities for intervention. There is a lack of reliable biomarkers to identify patients with PD, which poses a challenge for clinicians. In this review, recent advances in PD biomarker research, including genomic, epigenomic, proteomic, and non-coding RNA, will be highlighted, with particular emphasis on integrating omics for precision medicine. In addition, the current understanding of PD pathogenesis will be covered, including the root cause of familial and sporadic PD, as well as other significant contributing pathogenic events such as the formation of α-synuclein aggregates, mitochondrial dysfunction, autophagy, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation. Recent progress in proteomic biomarkers, including cerebrospinal fluid and blood biomarkers such as α-synuclein, Neurofilament-Light-Chain, and dopamine-associated proteomics, will be reviewed for their utility. Merging evidence on non-coding RNAs, including microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, circular RNAs, and piRNAs, further supports the notion of non-coding RNAs' regulatory functions in PD pathogenesis and their potential as non-invasive biomarkers. Lastly, strategies that integrate multi-omics data through systems biology, machine learning, and artificial intelligence are presented as viable approaches to support improved patient diagnosis and stratification, as well as the identification of new drug targets for PD. However, challenges related to heterogeneity, reproducibility, and clinical translation continue to limit the implementation of multi-omics biomarkers in PD. Overall, integrative multi-omics approaches combined with advanced computational strategies may provide a more comprehensive framework for early diagnosis, patient stratification, and the development of disease-modifying therapies in PD.

Indexed as

GenomicsParkinson DiseaseParkinsonian DisordersProteomicsRNA, Untranslatedalpha-SynucleinBiomarkersHumansMultiomicsalpha-SynucleinBiomarkersRNA, UntranslatedGenomic riskMulti-omics integrationNon-coding RNAsParkinson’s diseasePrecision medicineProteomic biomarkers

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.