ArticleCancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII2026
R-5780, a SagA-engineered Lactococcus lactis, is a safe oral synthetic-biology microbial therapy that potentiates PD-1 blockade.
Article in Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) have transformed cancer therapy, yet response rates remain limited across solid tumors. Modulation of the gut microbiome has emerged as a promising strategy to enhance immunotherapy efficacy. R-5780 is an engineered Lactococcus lactis strain expressing the peptidoglycan hydrolase Secreted Antigen A (SagA), which generates muramyl dipeptide (MDP), a natural ligand of the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 2 (NOD2) receptor involved in innate immune activation and antigen-presenting cell maturation. Therapeutic potential of R-5780 was assessed in vivo murine models. Using the CT26 murine colorectal carcinoma model, oral administration of R-5780 with anti-PD-1 significantly inhibited tumor growth in both prophylactic and therapeutic settings compared to ICI therapy alone. Mechanistic studies revealed that R-5780 enhanced dendritic-cell activation and promoted a pro-inflammatory tumor microenvironment characterized by elevated interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β). Multiplex cytokine profiling and flow cytometry further showed that R-5780 reduced CD8
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