Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42376962›Full record

ArticleJournal of fish biology2026

Genetic composition of facultatively anadromous brown trout Salmo trutta L. in a freshwater-lake system.

Ingerid J Hagen, Rachel A Paterson, Sten Karlsson, Ola H Diserud, Geir H Bolstad, Eva M Ulvan, Ola Ugedal, Tor F Næsje

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of fish biology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Ingerid J HagenNorwegian Institute for Nature Research, Trondheim, Norway.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1028-3940
Rachel A PatersonNorwegian Institute for Nature Research, Trondheim, Norway.
Sten KarlssonNorwegian Institute for Nature Research, Trondheim, Norway.
Ola H DiserudNorwegian Institute for Nature Research, Trondheim, Norway.
Geir H BolstadNorwegian Institute for Nature Research, Trondheim, Norway.
Eva M UlvanNorwegian Institute for Nature Research, Trondheim, Norway.
Ola UgedalNorwegian Institute for Nature Research, Trondheim, Norway.
Tor F NæsjeNorwegian Institute for Nature Research, Trondheim, Norway.

Funding

Norwegian Environment AgencyNorwegian Institute for Nature Research
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Brown trout (Salmo trutta) has adapted to a wide range of habitats and displays a variety of life-history strategies. Being facultatively anadromous, populations without migration barriers to the sea consist of both resident and anadromous individuals in different proportions. This affects genetic drift and the level of gene flow between populations, and therefore shapes the metapopulation structure. Here, utilizing genetic variation at 95 SNP markers, we describe the genetic structure and effective size of a brown trout population inhabiting the Fremstad catchment that supports both anadromous and freshwater resident life histories. Compared to other sea trout populations in the region, the Fremstad population is genetically divergent with a unique genetic signal. A weak and significant genetic structure was observed in the Fremstad catchment, and anadromous individuals were not assigned to a specific lake or stream. The effective population size of brown trout in the Fremstad catchment is large compared to the average annual entry of sea trout into the catchment; hence, a large proportion of non-anadromous spawners likely contribute to the population. Approximately 2% of sea trout entering the catchment were strays from other populations. Because of a large proportion of non-anadromous spawners, the proportion of strays into the overall spawning population is likely to be lower than observed among the sea trout, and contribute to the genetic divergence of the Fremstad population from other populations. This study adds to our understanding of the evolutionary drivers that affect the genetic structure of anadromous brown trout populations and demonstrates how small spawning streams can be evolutionarily important in supporting a large and genetically unique population.

Indexed as

Genetic VariationTroutAnimalsFresh WaterGene FlowGenetics, PopulationLakesPolymorphism, Single NucleotidePopulation Densityanadromygenetic structurepotamodromysea troutstraying

Identifiers

PMID42376962
PMCPMC13602100

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.