ArticleOpen veterinary journal2025
Toxicity and potential of propolis resin to boost embryo growth of broilers.
Article in Open veterinary journal, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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5 authors.
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Abstract
Background: Propolis resin could be used as a therapeutic agent for chicken embryos, but its toxicity must be evaluated before application in livestock. Aim: This study aimed to investigate the toxicity and growth-promoting properties of propolis resin on the embryo of the chicken. Methods: Fertilized broiler eggs were used as experimental samples by being injected with propolis resin. The solution volume was predetermined to be 1 ml per egg for each treatment dose. Results: The result showed that the morphology of chicken eggs was viable after propolis resin injection on days 13-21 after inoculation. Moreover, 62.5 mg/egg was the effective dose, 125 mg/egg was the Toxic dose 250 mg/egg was the lethal dose. A mid-range dose (62.5-125 mg/egg) was associated with higher embryo weight and wing bone length compared to controls, though differences require further confirmation. Conclusion: Propolis resin at intermediate concentration can boost embryonic growth, but higher doses rapidly induce toxicity. These findings emphasize the importance of dose optimization and chemical profiling before
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