Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42376044›Full record

ArticlePeerJ2026

Frequent exposure to biologics is associated with small intestinal bacterial overgrowth in patients with Crohn's disease: a retrospective case-control study.

Yuanyi Zhao, Hui Tao, Zhao Yang, Xiaoyue Feng, Liuying Li, Zhihao Ding, Ya Yang, Lu Chen, Jiamin Wu, Shuo Xu and 6 more

Abstract read
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Article in PeerJ, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Yuanyi Zhao *Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Suzhou Research Center of Medical School, Suzhou Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Suzhou, China.
Hui Tao *Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
Zhao YangDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
Xiaoyue FengDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
Liuying LiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
Zhihao DingDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
Ya YangDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
Lu ChenDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
Jiamin WuDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
Shuo XuDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
Yinan YanDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
Hongqin WangDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Jinling Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
Xiaohua ShiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Suzhou Research Center of Medical School, Suzhou Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Suzhou, China.
Chenyao MaDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
Fangyu WangDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
Juan WeiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) is characterized by excessive bacteria in the small intestine, often accompanied by gastrointestinal symptoms. The advent of biologic therapies has significantly advanced the treatment of Crohn's disease (CD), yet their influence on the development of SIBO remains unclear. Aims: This study aims to elucidate the relationship between exposure to biologic therapies and the incidence of SIBO in CD patients. Methods: This retrospective case-control study enrolled CD patients who underwent lactulose hydrogen-methane breath test (LHMBT) at Jinling Hospital from 2021 to 2024. Clinical data were collected and the risk factors for SIBO were identified using both univariate and multivariate logistic regression. Additionally, model validation was carried out using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, confusion matrix and 5-fold cross-validation. Results: (1) Among the 86 CD patients enrolled, biologic administration differed significantly between the SIBO-positive ( Conclusions: This study indicated that frequent exposure to biologics is associated with an increased presence of SIBO in CD patients, particularly in those with intestinal strictures.

Indexed as

Biological ProductsCrohn DiseaseIntestine, SmallAdultBreath TestsCase-Control StudiesFemaleHumansLogistic ModelsMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsROC CurveBiological ProductsBiologicsCDRisk factorsSIBO

Identifiers

PMID42376044
PMCPMC13313000

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.