Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42375809›Full record

ReviewMilitary Medical Research2026

Crosstalk in the brain tumor microenvironment: mechanisms, therapeutic strategies, and clinical advances.

Gui-Long Tanzhu, Liu Chen, Jiao-Yang Ning, Gang Xiao, Su Wen, Ce Wang, Hao Wen, Ke-Qin Zhang, Jie Yang, Mu-Yuan Jia and 4 more

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Military Medical Research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Gui-Long TanzhuDepartment of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410000, China.
Liu ChenDepartment of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410000, China.
Jiao-Yang NingDepartment of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410000, China.
Gang XiaoDepartment of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410000, China.
Su WenDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital/Affiliated Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410000, China.
Ce WangDepartment of Radiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China.
Hao WenDepartment of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410000, China.
Ke-Qin ZhangDepartment of Nuclear Medicine, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410000, China.
Jie YangDepartment of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410000, China.
Mu-Yuan JiaDepartment of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410000, China.
Hai-Bin DengDepartment of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410000, China.
Thomas Michael MartiDepartment of General Thoracic Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern 3008, Switzerland.
Paul R LockmanDepartment of Neuroscience, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA.
Rong-Rong ZhouDepartment of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410000, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Brain tumors, including primary intracranial tumors and brain metastases (BrMs), represent a major threat to human health and are associated with extremely poor prognoses. The brain tumor microenvironment (BTME) is a complex ecosystem composed of various elements, including tumor cells, immune cells, neurons, the vascular system, the extracellular matrix, and cytokines. These elements not only coexist spatially but are also functionally connected, interacting through intricate networks that collectively influence tumor initiation, progression, and therapeutic efficacy. In recent years, the application of novel technologies such as single-cell and spatial transcriptomics has uncovered complex cellular heterogeneity and spatial organization within the BTME. This review comprehensively summarizes the key components and functions of the BTME in tumor development and therapy, the mechanisms underlying intercellular interactions, with an emphasis on their clinical potential and challenges.

Indexed as

Brain NeoplasmsTumor MicroenvironmentAnimalsHumansSpatial TranscriptomicsBrain tumorImmunotherapySingle-cell sequencingSpatial transcriptomicsTargeted therapyTumor microenvironment

Identifiers

PMID42375809
PMCPMC13310652

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.