Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42375405›Full record

ArticleOpen veterinary journal2026

Mucosal delivery of pleurotus-based ISCOMATRIX elicits humoral and cellular immunity against pneumococcal infection.

Akunna Perpetua Emeruwa, Angus Nnamdi Oli, Malachy Chigozie Ugwu, Adekunle B Rowaiye, Chinemerem Paschaline Ogbu

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Open veterinary journal, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Akunna Perpetua EmeruwaDepartment of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, David Umahi Federal University of Health Sciences, Uburu, Nigeria.
Angus Nnamdi OliDepartment of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Agulu, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria.
Malachy Chigozie UgwuDepartment of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Agulu, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria.
Adekunle B RowaiyeDepartament of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Carolina Central University, Durham, USA.
Chinemerem Paschaline OgbuDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Aim: This study investigated the immunogenicity of an ISCOMATRIX-based adjuvant made with Methods: Saponins were extracted from Results: Mice immunized intranasally and rectally showed significantly reduced inflammation and bacterial counts compared with controls ( Conclusion: Mucosal delivery of

Indexed as

Adjuvants, ImmunologicAdjuvants, VaccineImmunity, CellularImmunity, HumoralPleurotusPneumococcal InfectionsPneumococcal VaccinesSaponinsAdministration, IntranasalAnimalsFemaleMiceMice, Inbred BALB CStreptococcus pneumoniaeAdjuvants, ImmunologicAdjuvants, VaccinePneumococcal VaccinesSaponinsAdjuvantIscomatrixMucous organsMushroomStreptococcus

Identifiers

PMID42375405
PMCPMC13313869

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.