Histological distribution of endocrine cells in the pancreas of Javan Mongoose (

Background: The Javan mongoose ( Aim: This study aimed to investigate the pancreatic structure of the Javan mongoose, with a specific focus on the distribution of pancreatic endocrine cells, including β, α, δ, and PP cells. Methods: Six Javan mongooses were obtained from a local hunter in Central Java, Indonesia. The anatomical and histological characteristics of the pancreas were examined, along with the expression of immunoreactive (IR) endocrine cells. Routine histological staining and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were performed. The data were analysed descriptively, semi-quantitatively, and quantitatively. Results: The pancreas of the Javan mongoose is located adjacent to the dorsal duodenum and the liver's caudal segment. The exocrine component comprises acini and a ductal system, with ducts lined by low-to-medium cuboidal epithelium. Within the islets of Langerhans, β cells are predominantly concentrated in the central zone, while α cells are primarily located in the periphery. In contrast, δ and PP cells were uniformly distributed across the central, intermediate, and peripheral zones. Endocrine cells were also observed in the pancreatic ducts, highlighting a distinctive distribution pattern in the pancreas of Javan mongoose. Conclusion: The results reveal structural similarities to other mammalian species and highlight distinctive patterns in endocrine cell distribution, most notably, the presence of endocrine cells within the pancreatic ducts.