Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42375106›Full record

ArticleElectrophoresis2026

Optimisation of Electrokinetic Extraction System: Colourimetric Determination of Copper (II) in Sand Using Polymer Inclusion Membrane.

Jia Jia Seet, Spas D Kolev, Rosanne Guijt, Hong Heng See, Fernando Maya, Mostafa A Atia, Eddie A Nagul, Owen P Missen, Michael Breadmore

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Electrophoresis, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Jia Jia SeetAustralian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS), University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2770-4406
Spas D KolevSchool of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Rosanne GuijtDeakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0011-5708
Hong Heng SeeCentre for Sustainable Nanomaterials, Ibnu Sina Institute for Scientific and Industrial Research, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7849-6929
Fernando MayaAustralian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS), University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.
Mostafa A AtiaAustralian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS), University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.
Eddie A NagulSchool of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6608-7087
Owen P MissenCentre for Ore Deposit and Earth Sciences (CODES), University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2121-9971
Michael BreadmoreAustralian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS), University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5591-4326

Funding

Australian Government Department of EducationAustralian Research Council DP210101466Building capacity in regional AustraliaBulgarian National Science Fund КП-06-Н89/10European Union-NextGenerationEUMinistry of Higher Education Malaysia LRGS/1/2021/STG04/UTM/02/2National Recovery and Resilience Plan of the Republic of Bulgaria BG-RRP-2.004-0008
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Electrokinetic extraction (EKE), coupled with polymer inclusion membranes (PIMs) for colourimetric detection, offers a promising approach for extracting metal ions from solid matrices, such as sand, without sample pretreatment. Our EKE system consists of a formic acid gel positioned at the cathode side to neutralise hydroxide ions generated by electrolysis during the EKE of Cu(II), whereas the anode side contains the sample compartment, prepared from a syringe tube into which the sample is placed. The PIM is sandwiched between these compartments to accumulate Cu(II) via EKE through the sand and into the PIM within which it complexes with a colour-forming reagent, 1-(2-pyridylazo)-2-naphthol (PAN), enabling quantification via colourimetric analysis. The system has been optimised to expand the quantification range of Cu(II), thus allowing greater applicability to a wider range of samples with different levels of heavy metals. Increasing the column diameter extended the upper limit of the quantification range from 7.5 mg kg

Indexed as

Chemical FractionationColorimetryCopperMembranes, ArtificialPolymersSilicon DioxideLimit of DetectionNaphtholsReproducibility of Results1-(2-pyridylazo)-2-naphtholCopperMembranes, ArtificialNaphtholsPolymersSilicon Dioxidecopper(II) determinationelectrokinetic extractionpolymer inclusion membraneRGB image analysis

Identifiers

PMID42375106
PMCPMC13480503

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.