ArticleDiagnostic pathology2026
Evaluation of squamous cell carcinoma antigen as a diagnostic biomarker in pulmonary diseases: a male cohort study.
Article in Diagnostic pathology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundEarly pulmonary disease recognition in men is often hindered by nonspecific clinical features and overlapping laboratory parameters. Squamous Cell Carcinoma Antigen (SCCA), a glycoprotein traditionally associated with malignancy, has been proposed as a potential biomarker in a wider spectrum of pulmonary disorders. This study evaluated the diagnostic performance of serum SCCA in pulmonary diseases among the male cohort and determined its relationship with inflammatory markers.
methodsWe analyzed serum SCCA levels in 533 male patients diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), pneumonia, pulmonary nodules, or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) at the Affiliated Hospital of Putian University (January 2017-November 2021), and compared them to 80 healthy male controls. Intergroup differences were assessed, correlations between SCCA and inflammatory markers were analyzed, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to determine disease-specific diagnostic performance.
resultsSerum SCCA levels differed significantly across disease groups. SCC patients had markedly higher concentrations (7.14 ± 3.64 ng/ml) than all other groups, whereas pulmonary nodules showed the lowest levels (1.45 ± 0.81 ng/ml). SCCA achieved its highest diagnostic accuracy in SCC (AUC = 0.792), outperforming its ability to differentiate other pulmonary conditions.
conclusionSerum SCCA expression shows a promising and supportive biomarker in the diagnostic evaluation of pulmonary diseases among the male patients, meriting further validation in larger, multi-centre studies.
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