Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42373629›Full record

ArticleNature communications2026

Human neonatal MR1T cells have more diverse TCR repertoires but reduced bacterial recognition than adult MR1T cells.

Dylan Kain, Wael Awad, G W McElfresh, Meghan Cansler, Gwendolyn M Swarbrick, Kean Chan Yew Poa, Conor McNeice, Gregory Boggy, Katherine H Rott, Megan D Null and 4 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Dylan Kain *Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5890-2742
Wael Awad *Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7597-2133
G W McElfreshOregon National Primate Research Center, OHSU, Beaverton, OR, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1948-7571
Meghan CanslerDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
Gwendolyn M SwarbrickDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5786-1256
Kean Chan Yew PoaInfection and Immunity Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4090-9561
Conor McNeiceInfection and Immunity Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.
Gregory BoggyOregon National Primate Research Center, OHSU, Beaverton, OR, USA.
Katherine H RottDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5349-2473
Megan D NullDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0001-9584-4606
David M LewinsohnDivision of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9906-9494
Jamie RossjohnInfection and Immunity Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2020-7522
Benjamin N BimberOregon National Primate Research Center, OHSU, Beaverton, OR, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8092-3080
Deborah A LewinsohnDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA. lewinsde@ohsu.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1349-3775

Funding

Oregon Clinical and Translational Research Institute - The National COVID Cohort Collaborative (N3C)UL1TR002369 · NCATS · OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY · PI Cynthia D Morris, Christopher G. Slatore · 2017 to 2026
$78.4M
Lung Resident, MR1-Restricted T Cells: Association with Differential Outcomes Following Exposure to M. TuberculosisR01AI134790 · NIAID · OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY · PI LEWINSOHN, DAVID M., WALZL, GERHARD · 2018 to 2022
$3.3M
Investigating the basis of MAIT cell antigen potencyR01AI148407 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE · PI MCCLUSKEY, JAMES · 2020 to 2024
$2.7M
Memory, Phenotype, and Function of TB-reactive Human MR1 Restricted T cellsR01AI129980 · NIAID · OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY · PI LEWINSOHN, DAVID M., LEWINSOHN, DEBORAH A. · 2019 to 2022
$2.4M
High Performance Computing and Machine Learning Infrastructure for Oregon Life SciencesS10OD034224 · OD · OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY · PI ELLROTT, KYLE · 2023 to 2023
$2.0M
BLRD VA I01 BX000533Gouvernement du Canada | Canadian Institutes of Health Research (Instituts de Recherche en Santé du Canada) MFE CIHR-IRSC:0633005491NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR002369NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI129980NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI134790NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI148407NIH HHS S10 OD034224U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (NIH) RO1 AI148407-01A1U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) AI129980U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) AI134790U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (Department of Veterans Affairs) #I01 BX000533
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Bacterial sepsis is a leading cause of neonatal mortality. Pro-inflammatory MR1-restricted T (MR1T) cells may help protect from sepsis by recognizing bacterial pathogens producing the canonical MR1 antigen 5-OP-RU. Most adult MR1T cells are mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells expressing a semi-invariant TCRα, while neonatal MR1T cells express diverse TCRα chains. Here, we perform combined single-cell RNA-sequencing and TCR repertoire analyses on MR1/5-OP-RU tetramer-positive cells from neonatal cord blood (CB) and adult blood. Compared to adult MR1T cells, CB MR1T cells exhibit greater TCR diversity, reduced cytotoxic and proinflammatory gene expression, diminished bacterial recognition and reduced binding to MR1/5-OP-RU. Structural analysis of a CB MAIT TCR reveals decreased β chain contribution to the TCR-MR1 interface relative to an adult MAIT TCR. These findings demonstrate developmental stage-specific differences in MR1T cell repertoire, function and MAIT TCR structure with implications for neonatal sepsis.

Indexed as

Histocompatibility Antigens Class IMinor Histocompatibility AntigensMucosal-Associated Invariant T CellsReceptors, Antigen, T-CellReceptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-betaAdultFetal BloodHumansInfant, NewbornRibitolSingle-Cell AnalysisSingle-Cell Gene Expression AnalysisUracil5-(2-oxopropylideneamino)-6-d-ribitylaminouracilHistocompatibility Antigens Class IMinor Histocompatibility AntigensMR1 protein, humanReceptors, Antigen, T-CellReceptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-betaRibitolUracil

Identifiers

PMID42373629
PMCPMC13458692

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.