ReviewEULAR rheumatology open2026
Assessment of drug levels as a biomarker in rheumatoid arthritis.
Review in EULAR rheumatology open, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
In this viewpoint, we focused on 2 examples of the assessments of drug levels as a biomarker in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), based on our experiences in longitudinal studies and clinical trials. Among a long list of potential biomarkers in rheumatology, the measurements of drug levels for the efficacy and toxicity of the drugs have been extensively investigated. One example is the levels of methotrexate (MTX)-polyglutamates (PGs), and the second one is that of biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) in patients with RA. Recently, meta-analyses and population pharmacokinetics-pharmacodynamics studies have been published, confirming the previous reports. After these publications, we experienced the new information about the measurements of MTX-PGs in a prospective multicenter clinical trial. In addition, we also experienced the measurements of drug levels of a unique bDMARD, ozoralizumab, a bispecific Variable domain of Heavy chain of Heavy chain antibody (VHH) molecule, which is directed against TNF
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