Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42369278›Full record

ArticleGlobal advances in integrative medicine and health

Feasibility and Acceptability of a Virtual Single-Session Biofeedback Intervention Targeting Circulation, Heart Rate, and Anxiety for Rural Patients With Chronic Pain.

Lindsay G Flegge, Jill C Penman, Crystal Tracy, Michael A Bushey

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Article in Global advances in integrative medicine and health. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Lindsay G FleggeDepartment of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8757-0721
Jill C PenmanIndiana University Health, Indianapolis, IN, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1406-2813
Crystal TracyDepartment of Psychology, Indiana State University, Terre Haute, IN, USA.
Michael A BusheyDepartment of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Chronic pain affects one in five Americans, yet rural patients face significant barriers to evidence-based interventions like biofeedback due to geographic isolation and provider shortages. Objective: This pilot study evaluates the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effectiveness of Mind Meter, a virtual neuroscience-based biofeedback group intervention, for rural adults with chronic pain. Methods: Twenty-nine rural-dwelling adults (mean age 44.9, SD 11.8) with chronic pain (≥3 months) were recruited from a pain management program and twenty-one participants completed a single-session virtual Mind Meter group, integrating pain neuroscience education and biofeedback via affordable equipment (pulse oximeters, skin thermometers). Feasibility was assessed by enrollment (target ≥50%), adherence (≥80%), and completion rates (≥75%); acceptability via a 10-item questionnaire (target ≥80% rating ≥4/5); and preliminary effectiveness via pre-post changes in heart rate, temperature, pain, and anxiety, analyzed with paired t-tests (adjusted Results: Enrollment was 22% (29/132 eligible), below target, while adherence reached 100%, exceeding goals. Acceptability was high, with 90.5% rating the intervention ≥4/5 (mean 4.3, SD 0.9), particularly for clarity of directions (95.2% ≥ 4). Statistically significant pre-post improvements occurred in anxiety (mean change -2.2, SD 2.4, Conclusion: Virtual Mind Meter is feasible and highly acceptable for rural patients with chronic pain, with promising reductions in anxiety and temperature. Lower than hypothesized enrollment warrants recruitment strategy-adjustments, while preliminary outcomes support further development.

Indexed as

anxietybiofeedbackchronic paintelemedicinetemperature

Identifiers

PMID42369278
PMCPMC13305914

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.