ArticleFood science & nutrition2026
Thermal, Structural, and Molecular Characterization of a Model Cereal-Milk Infant Formula: Impact of Ultrasound Pre-Treatment Prior to Spray Drying.
Article in Food science & nutrition, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
This study investigated the impacts of an ultrasound (US) pre-treatment applied to a liquid feed suspension prior to conventional spray drying to overcome the inherent stickiness and low yield challenges in a complex, carbohydrate-rich model cereal-milk infant and toddler complementary food formulation. The effects of US pre-treatment duration (30-90 s), spray dryer inlet temperature (150°C-180°C), and feed rate (7-12 mL/min) were evaluated using a full-factorial response surface design. The findings demonstrated that acoustic cavitation applied as a feed pre-treatment significantly reduced the viscosity of the suspension and improved subsequent atomization efficiency, which ultimately increased the powder recovery yield from approximately 12% to over 30%. Furthermore, the micro-structural modifications and improved fat encapsulation induced during the ultrasound pre-treatment step led to enhanced powder reconstitution properties, significantly increasing solubility. Microstructural and thermal evaluations revealed that the optimized processing parameters produced finer, less agglomerated particles that maintained an amorphous glassy state (T
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