ArticleInternational journal of nanomedicine2026
A Brain-Targeted Organophosphorus Hydrolase Fusion Protein Mediated by Angiopep-2 Neutralizes Central Organophosphates and Alleviates Neurotoxicity.
Article in International journal of nanomedicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Purpose: Organophosphates (OPs) exert neurotoxicity by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, leading to acetylcholine accumulation, excessive nervous system stimulation, and even fatal outcomes. Current clinical countermeasures focus on AChE reactivation and symptom antagonism but lack the ability to efficiently clear OPs in vivo, especially in the brain, failing to mitigate central neurotoxicity and resulting in persistent neuronal damage and permanent disability in survivors. Organophosphorus hydrolase (OPH) has robust OP clearance capacity but is hindered by poor blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetration. Thus, the purpose of this study is to address the BBB penetration challenge of OPH and develop an effective strategy for efficient clearance of brain-invading OPs to improve the prognosis of patients with OP-induced central neurotoxicity. Patients and Methods: A fusion protein ANG-OPHDS5 was constructed by conjugating OPH mutant OPHDS5 with Angiopep-2 (ANG), a brain-targeting ligand that mediates transcytosis across the BBB via specific binding to low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1). In vivo imaging and pharmacodynamic studies were performed to evaluate the brain-targeting ability, OP clearance efficiency, and neurotoxicity alleviation effect of ANG-OPHDS5. Results: In vivo imaging and pharmacodynamic studies confirmed that the constructed fusion protein ANG-OPHDS5 efficiently achieved targeted delivery to the brain, effectively cleared OPs residing in the central nervous system (CNS), and significantly alleviated neurotoxicity induced by OPs. Conclusion: Our strategy of centrally targeted delivery of OPH-based bioscavengers (ANG-OPHDS5) overcomes the limitations of current OP poisoning treatments, which lack efficient brain OP clearance capacity. This strategy holds great potential for improving the prognosis of patients with OP-induced central neurotoxicity.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.