ArticleBiomaterial investigations in dentistry2026
Pull-off bond strength of orthodontic molar bands cemented to enamel with novel calcium silicate, glass ionomer, and zinc phosphate cement.
Article in Biomaterial investigations in dentistry, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Aim: This in vitro study compared the pull‑off bond strength of orthodontic molar bands cemented to enamel using a novel fast‑setting and bioactive calcium silicate cement (CSC), a glass ionomer cement (GIC), and a zinc phosphate cement after 1 month of storage in phosphate‑buffered saline (PBS). Materials and Methods: Ninety extracted human molars were randomly allocated to three groups and fitted with orthodontic molar bands. Bands were cemented using a novel fast‑setting CSC (Protooth), a GIC (Orthocem B), or a zinc phosphate cement (DeTrey Zinc) according to manufacturers' instructions. After storage in PBS for 28 days, band debonding was performed using a universal testing machine in a wire‑loop pull‑off configuration at a cross‑head speed of 1 mm/min. The maximum load at failure was divided by the band surface area to calculate pull‑off bond strength (MPa). Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test followed by pairwise Mann-Whitney U tests with Holm-Bonferroni correction (α = 0.05). Results: The median pull‑off bond strength of the CSC was 1.22 MPa (interquartile range [IQR]: 0.93-1.34 MPa), which was significantly higher than that of the GIC 0.50 MPa (IQR: 0.33-0.79 MPa; Conclusions: Within the limitations of this in vitro study, the novel fast‑setting CSC demonstrated pull‑off bond strength similar to zinc phosphate cement and significantly higher than GIC after 1 month of storage in PBS. Further studies are required to evaluate the clinical performance and long‑term behavior of this material.
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