ReviewInternational journal of dentistry2026
Evaluation of Implant Abutment-Soft Tissue Attachment Using 3D Tissue-Engineered Oral Mucosa: A Systematic Review.
Review in International journal of dentistry, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Evaluation of Implant Abutment-Soft Tissue Attachment Using 3D Tissue-Engineered Oral Mucosa: A Systematic Review.International journal of dentistry · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objective: Three-dimensional (3D) tissue-engineered oral mucosa models offer a physiologically relevant platform to study interactions between implant abutment materials and peri-implant soft tissues. While osseointegration is well-characterized, soft tissue sealing, essential for preventing infection and maintaining implant stability, remains thoroughly underexplored. Despite many in vitro studies using these models, a comprehensive evaluation in this field is lacking. This study systematically reviews current evidence to guide future research and improve clinical outcomes. Methods: PubMed, Scopus, and Embase were searched (31 March 2026) following preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines, identifying 1551 records. After removing 623 duplicates, 227 records were screened (204 excluded); 23 full texts were assessed (nine excluded), yielding 14 studies using human 3D oral mucosa models (3D-OMMs) to assess implant abutment interfaces. Results: All 14 studies used epithelial-fibroblast cocultures replicating native mucosal architecture. Histological analyses confirmed stratified squamous epithelium formation, with some studies showing epithelial surface maturation via immunohistochemistry. Epithelial interface-associated biological response to different implant surfaces has been assessed using electron microscopy. Surface modifications like anodization, UV treatment, and increased hydrophilicity improved cell adhesion and interface organization. However, permeability and postpull-out metabolic activity assays suggested that barrier function and residual tissue viability were generally similar across materials, although specific surface treatments improved some outcomes. Molecular studies highlighted that peri-implant mucosa interactions with oral biofilms are crucial for maintaining or disrupting tissue homeostasis by modulating immune responses. Conclusions: 3D-OMMs reliably recapitulate peri-implant tissue responses. Overall, the available in vitro evidence suggests that surface modification and host-microbe interactions may influence mucosal homeostasis and barrier integrity, although findings remain heterogeneous and should be interpreted cautiously.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.