ArticleFrontiers in immunology2026
Common and rare variants in complement genes as biomarkers of COVID-19 infection and severity. A lesson to learn for emerging pathogens.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
21 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: The first wave of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), driven by the global emergence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), severely affected Spain with high infection and mortality rates across the country. Although numerous common and rare genetic variants affecting immune-related pathways have been associated with susceptibility to infection and severe disease, the contribution of complement system remains comparatively understudied. Methods: In this work, we analyzed the frequencies and severity associations of complotype-related common polymorphisms and rare complement variants in whole-exome sequencing data from a Spanish cohort accounting for 154 adults hospitalized due to severe COVID-19. Results: Our results indicate that the Discussion: Together, these results demonstrate that common variants in complement genes modulate susceptibility to severe COVID-19 and its clinical complications. They also identify promising, testable genetic biomarkers with potential utility not only for SARS-CoV-2, but also for preparedness against future emerging infectious threats.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.