ReviewEnvironmental health insights2026
Heavy Metals and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Levels in Selected Occupational and Environmental Settings in Liberia: A Systematic Review.
Review in Environmental health insights, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
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Abstract
Environmental degradation in Liberia has reached critical levels due to years of unregulated artisanal mining, poor waste management, and rapid urbanization have severely compromised the quality of its water and soil resources. This review critically evaluates the extent, sources, and implications of physicochemical and heavy metal contamination in Liberia's aquatic and terrestrial environments. From an initial pool of 38 studies, 9 met the inclusion criteria based on relevance from 2020, quantitative data quality, and geographic coverage. The methodology combined descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and multivariate statistics to trace pollution patterns and their geochemical drivers. Findings reveal severe contamination: water turbidity reached 320.00 NTU (mean: 42.85 NTU) against the WHO guideline of 5 NTU, while electrical conductivity peaked at 3000.00 µS/cm. Total dissolved solids averaged 267.92 mg/L, exceeding permissible levels near estuarine zones. Heavy metal concentrations surpassed WHO limits in numerous cases-Fe (up to 23.69 mg/L), Mn (9.12 mg/L), and Cd (0.40 mg/L) in water, and Fe (115,781.00 mg/kg), Ni, and Cd in soil. Strong correlations (eg, EC-TDS:
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