ArticlePCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences2026
Dimensional association between ADHD traits and gray matter volume in young adults: A voxel-based morphometry study.
Article in PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Aim: Prior structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have primarily focused on clinically diagnosed samples, whereas the neuroanatomical correlates of dimensional ADHD traits in healthy young adults (aged 18-27 years) remain insufficiently characterized, and it is unclear whether neuroanatomical patterns reported in clinically diagnosed samples generalize to subclinical trait variability in young adulthood. We therefore examined whole-brain voxelwise associations between gray matter volume (GMV) and the Conners' Adult ADHD Rating Scales (CAARS) Hyperactivity/Restlessness subscale as the primary analysis, and evaluated associations with other CAARS scales on an exploratory basis, using voxel-based morphometry (VBM). Methods: Participants were 534 healthy young adults (304 males, 230 females; aged 18-27 years) without an ADHD diagnosis. ADHD traits were assessed using CAARS. High-resolution T1-weighted structural MRI data were acquired on a 3-Tesla scanner. GMV was analyzed using VBM implemented in SPM12. Voxelwise multiple-regression analyses were conducted, with Hyperactivity/Restlessness as the primary scale of interest and other CAARS scales examined in separate exploratory models. Statistical significance was set at Results: GMV in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) showed a small but statistically significant positive association with Hyperactivity/Restlessness scores (cluster-level FWE-corrected Conclusion: These findings are consistent with a dimensional perspective on ADHD-related traits and suggest that interindividual differences in Hyperactivity/Restlessness may be reflected in subtle GMV variation in the right DLPFC among healthy young adults. Further multimodal and longitudinal studies are warranted to clarify developmental and mechanistic interpretations.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.