Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42367278›Full record

ArticleOperative techniques in otolaryngology--head and neck surgery2026

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy in adults with Sleep Disordered Breathing: Technique and the VOTE Classification System.

J Dmowska, W Hohenhorst, M J L Ravesloot, N de Vries, E J Kezirian

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Operative techniques in otolaryngology--head and neck surgery, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Ascending and Descending Pharyngeal Opening Pressures During Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy: Mechanistic Insights for Sleep Surgeons.Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery · 2025
    Article
  2. Palate Shape, Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy Findings, and Obstructive Sleep Apnea Pharyngeal Surgery Outcomes.Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery · 2024
    Article
  3. Article
  4. International Consensus Statement on Obstructive Sleep Apnea.International forum of allergy & rhinology · 2023
    Review
  5. Article
  6. Obstructive sleep apnea: a review for the orthodontist.Dental press journal of orthodontics · 2023
    Review
  7. Review
  8. Volume of parapharyngeal fat pad in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: prognostic role for multilevel sleep surgery.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2022
    Article
  9. Evaluation of drug-induced sleep endoscopy as a tool for selecting patients with obstructive sleep apnea for maxillomandibular advancement.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2022
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Sound frequency spectra of snore in relation to the site of obstruction among snorers.Acta otorhinolaryngologica Italica : organo ufficiale della Societa italiana di otorinolaringologia e chirurgia cervico-facciale · 2021
    Article
  12. Automatic classification of excitation location of snoring sounds.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2021
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Jaw thrust versus the use of a boil-and-bite mandibular advancement device as a screening tool during drug-induced sleep endoscopy.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2020
    Article
  18. Comparison of upper airway obstruction during zolpidem-induced sleep and propofol-induced sleep in patients with obstructive sleep apnea: a pilot study.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2020
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

J DmowskaDepartment of Head and Neck Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
W HohenhorstDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology, Kliniken St. Antonius and St. Josef, Wuppertal, Germany.
M J L RaveslootDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and Sleep Center, OLVG Hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
N de VriesDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and Sleep Center, OLVG Hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
E J KezirianDepartment of Head and Neck Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

Funding

Upper airway collapsibility, loop gain and arousal threshold: an integrative therapeutic approach to obstructive sleep apneaR01HL160993 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI KEZIRIAN, ERIC JAMES · 2022 to 2025
$2.6M
NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL160993
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) offers an unique evaluation of the upper airway. After pharmacologic induction of unconscious sedation, fiberoptic endoscopic examination of the pharynx can characterize the pattern of upper airway obstruction. The authors describe DISE techniques and the VOTE Classification system for reporting DISE findings. The VOTE Classification focuses on the primary structures that contribute to upper airway obstruction and represents a common language to describe the patterns of obstruction during DISE. The latter can facilitate the scientific evaluation of DISE, including its role in directing treatment.

Indexed as

Drug-induced sleep endoscopyMidazolamObstructive sleep apneaPropofolSurgery

Identifiers

PMID42367278
PMCPMC13308682

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.