An integrated framework of TOE, RBV, and institutional theory for understanding blockchain adoption in Egyptian public hospitals.

Ashraf Abdou, Basma E El-Demerdash, Sherif Mazen, Nagy Ramadan Darwish

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In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Ashraf AbdouDepartment of Information Systems and Technology, Faculty of Graduate Studies for Statistical Research, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt. ashraf_sayed@pg.cu.edu.eg.

Basma E El-Demerdash *Department of Operations Research and Management, Faculty of Graduate Studies for Statistical Research, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.

Sherif Mazen *Department of Information Systems, Faculty of Computers and Artificial Intelligence, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.

Nagy Ramadan Darwish *Department of Information Systems and Technology, Faculty of Graduate Studies for Statistical Research, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Blockchain has gained attention for its potential to verify health insurance records, allow secure data sharing, and protect patient privacy. Despite these benefits, blockchain adoption in Egypt remains limited, and little research has examined its drivers and barriers. This study contributes to the limited research on blockchain adoption in Egyptian public hospitals by extending the TOE model with context-specific factors and examining adoption decisions at the organizational level. The study was conducted in public hospitals operating within the Universal Health Insurance System (UHIS) across six governorates. A quantitative approach was used, with data collected from a stratified random sample of 228 senior management and IT professionals across 53 public hospitals, analyzed using PLS-SEM. The results show that relative advantage, financial capability, and perceived trust positively affect adoption intention, whereas perceived risk and complexity negatively affect it. Security and privacy, as well as government support and regulations, significantly enhance perceived trust but do not directly affect adoption intention. Top management support and hospital readiness also strengthen perceived trust. The model explains 67.1% of the variance in blockchain adoption intention (R

Indexed as

BlockchainHospitals, PublicComputer SecurityConfidentialityEgyptHumansTrustAdoption intentionBlockchainEgyptInstitutional theoryPerceived trustPublic hospitalsResource-based view (RBV)Technology–Organization–Environment (TOE)Universal Health Insurance

Identifiers

PMID42365034

DOI10.1038/s41598-026-57534-x

PMCPMC13310256

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LicenceCC BY

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