Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42363841›Full record

ArticleEpigenomics2026

Long-term molecular embedding of early life adversity: leukocyte DNA methylation and gene expression associations from childhood to young adulthood.

Saher Daredia, Dennis Khodasevich, Anne K Bozack, Rosemarie de la Rosa, Katherine R Kogut, Nina Holland, Brenda Eskenazi, Julianna Deardorff, Andres Cardenas

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Epigenomics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Saher DarediaDivision of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Dennis KhodasevichDepartment of Epidemiology and Population Health, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Anne K BozackDepartment of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
Rosemarie de la RosaDivision of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Katherine R KogutCenter for Environmental Research and Community Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Nina HollandDivision of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Brenda EskenaziDivision of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Julianna DeardorffCenter for Environmental Research and Community Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Andres CardenasDepartment of Epidemiology and Population Health, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.

Funding

Project C: Epigenetic Effects of DDT/E and PBDEs on PubertyP01ES009605 · NIEHS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY · PI ESKENAZI, BRENDA · 1999 to 2015
$11.2M
Effect of early life exposure to social adversity and pesticides on risk-taking behavior of 16-18 year olds: the CHAMACOS studyR01ES026994 · NIEHS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY · PI ESKENAZI, BRENDA · 2016 to 2020
$3.9M
Early Adversity Shapes Adolescent Risk Behavior Trajectories in Mexican Americans (Diversity Supplement)R01DA035300 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY · PI DEARDORFF, JULIANNA · 2014 to 2018
$3.1M
Common and Distinct Influences of Prenatal and Postnatal Early-Life Adversity on Epigenomic Trajectories in Mexican American ChildrenR01MD016595 · NIMHD · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY · PI Andres Cardenas, Julianna Deardorff · 2022 to 2026
$3.0M
Maintaining and Expanding the CHAMACOS Epidemiology Cohort Infrastructure for Future GenerationsR24ES028529 · NIEHS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY · PI Robert Gunier · 2017 to 2026
$2.0M
Fostering Scientific and Workforce Diversity by Maintaining and Enriching the CHAMACOS Birth CohortU24ES028529 · NIEHS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY · PI GUNIER, ROBERT · 2023 to 2025
$1.1M
NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA035300NIEHS NIH HHS P01 ES009605NIEHS NIH HHS R01 ES026994NIEHS NIH HHS R24 ES028529NIEHS NIH HHS U24 ES028529NIMHD NIH HHS R01 MD016595
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundEarly life adversity is associated with increased cardiometabolic risk across the life course, potentially via epigenetic mechanisms. However, few studies have prospectively examined how distinct domains of early life adversity influence molecular profiles and cardiometabolic health. RESEARCH DESIGN AND

methodsIn the CHAMACOS cohort, a longitudinal study of rural Latino youth, we measured adversity prospectively from pregnancy through age 7 across six domains: Learning Environment, Parent-Child Interaction, Maternal Adversity, Family Dysfunction, Economic Adversity, and Stressful Life Events. Leukocyte DNA methylation (DNAm) was measured at four timepoints between ages 7 and 18, gene expression (RNA transcripts) at age 14, and body mass index (BMI) and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) at age 18.

resultsEarly life adversity was associated with differential DNAm at ages 7, 14, and 18, with 14 Bonferroni- and 101 FDR-significant differentially methylated probes (DMPs) across all timepoints. Economic adversity was the domain most strongly associated with DMPs (4 Bonferroni- and 38 FDR-significant). Methylation changes at several DMPs were significantly associated with BMI and HOMA-IR at age 18.

conclusionsThese findings provide longitudinal evidence that early life adversity, particularly economic adversity, becomes biologically embedded via DNAm, with functional and cardiometabolic consequences, highlighting potential targets for early interventions to reduce lifelong disease risk.

Indexed as

Adverse Childhood ExperiencesDNA MethylationLeukocytesAdolescentBody Mass IndexChildDevelopmental Origins of Health and DiseaseEpigenesis, GeneticFemaleHumansLongitudinal StudiesMaleYoung Adultcardiometabolic healthDNA methylationEarly life adversityepigeneticsgene expression

Identifiers

PMID42363841
PMCPMC13390516

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.