ArticleCancer medicine2026
Feasibility Study of Combined Systemic Therapy and Carbon-Ion Radiotherapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients.
Article in Cancer medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundRecent advances in systemic therapy, including tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), have improved outcomes for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and enabled downstaging strategies that allow subsequent local treatments. Carbon-ion radiotherapy (CIRT) can provide excellent tumor control with minimal impairment of liver function. However, the feasibility and safety of combining systemic therapy with CIRT have not been well evaluated.
methodsWe retrospectively reviewed 21 patients with HCC who received CIRT integrated with systemic therapy at a single institution. Systemic therapy consisted of TKIs or ICIs and was administered either before or after CIRT, reflecting real-world clinical practice. The primary endpoint was feasibility and safety, assessed by the incidence of adverse events (AEs) graded by CTCAE v5.0 and changes in albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) and Child-Pugh scores. Secondary endpoints included overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and local control (LC).
resultsNo grade ≥ 4 AEs were observed during peri-radiotherapeutic integration of systemic therapy and CIRT. The most frequent AEs were grade 1 fatigue, radiation pneumonitis, and hepatobiliary disorders. Neither ALBI nor Child-Pugh scores showed clinically meaningful deterioration after CIRT, indicating preserved liver function. The 1-year OS, PFS, and LC rates were 59.0%, 28.6%, and 70.6%, respectively. Despite large tumor burdens (median GTV 93.2 cm
conclusionsIntegration of CIRT with systemic therapy was feasible and demonstrated an acceptable safety profile without worsening liver function. This multimodal approach may represent a treatment option for selected patients with HCC, particularly in downstaging or locally advanced settings. Prospective studies are needed to validate these findings.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.