ArticleBMC oral health2026
Effects of advanced platelet-rich fibrin combined with a collagen membrane on human periodontal ligament stem cells at two extract concentrations: an in vitro study.
Article in BMC oral health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundAdvanced platelet-rich fibrin (A-PRF) is used in periodontal regeneration due to its autologous fibrin matrix and bioactive content. Collagen membranes are widely used in guided tissue regeneration. However, it remains unclear whether combining A-PRF with a collagen membrane alters early cellular responses. This in vitro study compared the effects of A-PRF alone and A-PRF combined with a collagen membrane on the viability, proliferation-related metabolic activity, and migration-related wound closure of human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) at two extract concentrations.
methodshPDLSCs were exposed to extracts prepared from A-PRF alone or A-PRF combined with a porcine collagen membrane (A-PRF-Col) at 100% and 20% concentrations. Extracts were prepared using A-PRF derived from the blood of four donors. Cell viability was assessed after 24 h using an MTT assay and morphological observation. Proliferation-related metabolic activity was evaluated by MTT assay on days 1, 3, 5, and 7. Migration-related wound closure was evaluated using a scratch assay after 24 h. Data were analysed using repeated-measures ANOVA with post hoc multiple-comparison tests. p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
resultsEarly hPDLSC responses differed between A-PRF and A-PRF-Col and varied between the two extract concentrations. Based on mean relative growth rate values, only 100% A-PRF-Col met the predefined cytotoxicity criterion, whereas 100% A-PRF showed a borderline and donor-variable viability profile. Proliferation-related metabolic activity increased and peaked around day 5, but different concentrations and formulations affected the patterns. Migration-related wound closure was primarily influenced by extract concentration, with 20% extracts showing greater closure than their 100% counterparts. At 20% concentration, A-PRF achieved better closure than A-PRF-Col.
conclusionsUnder the present cell-source and extract-preparation conditions, hPDLSC responses differed between A-PRF and A-PRF-Col and varied between the two tested extract concentrations. Diluted extracts generally elicited more favourable early cellular responses than undiluted extracts. The A-PRF-Col construct did not uniformly enhance A-PRF effects across endpoints. These findings should be interpreted as exploratory evidence that A-PRF-Col has an endpoint- and concentration-related biological profile that requires further optimisation.
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