ArticleEuropean journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology2026
A qPCR identification scheme to differentiate actinomycetoma from eumycetoma.
Article in European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Potential clinical implications due to essential differences in antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of actinomycetoma causative agents of the Actinomadura, Nocardia and Streptomyces genera towards commonly used anti-actinomycetoma drugs.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2026Article
- A qPCR identification scheme to detect the most common causative agents of actinomycetoma in Africa.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundMycetoma is a Neglected Tropical Disease of the skin. It is characterized by large tumorous lesions in the subcutaneous tissue which hinder the patients in their daily activities. The disease can be caused by either bacteria (actinomycetoma) or fungi (eumycetoma), and treatment depends on the entity. Therefore, in 2022, a Target Product Profile was published by the World Health Organisation in which it was stated that there is an urgent need to develop a diagnostic tool that can differentiate the two reliably within a day.
objectivesTo develop a qPCR that can not only differentiate actinomycetoma from eumycetoma but can also identify the actinomycetoma causative agents to the genus level.
methodsWe developed singleplex, quadruplex and triplex qPCRs that can be used, depending on the endemic region and validated this against a large strain collection and grains.
resultsThe limit of detection (LOD) of each of the probes ranged from 0.000002 ng for the fungal probe to 0.002 ng for the Nocardia genus probe in a singleplex reaction. Higher LODs were obtained in the multiplexes. The sensitivity and specificity were both 100% for most combinations, although some cross-reactivity with the Actinomadura and Streptomyces genus probes was noted, mainly with non-mycetoma causative agents.
conclusionThe developed qPCR meets the requirements set in the Target Product Profile from the World Health Organisation. IMPORTANCE: In this study a qPCR is developed which can differentiate actinomycetoma from eumycetoma and identify actinomycetoma causative agents to the genus level. This qPCR adheres to the minimal requirements set in the Target Product Profile for a mycetoma diagnostic test by the World Health Organisation. When the qPCR is used on mycetoma grain it reduces the time to identification to only a few hours. With hand-held qPCRs this can also be performed in the field.
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