Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42360085›Full record

ArticleJournal of genetic counseling2026

The expected utility and psychological impacts of exome sequencing results in the DDD-Africa study.

Samantha Schnell, Zandisiwe Goliath, Barry Shingwenyana, Ingrid Smit, Bianca Rossouw, Monica Araujo, Elzette Gilfillan, Amanda Krause, Nadia Carstens, Zané Lombard and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of genetic counseling, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Samantha SchnellDivision of Human Genetics, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of the Witwatersrand and the National Health Laboratory Services, Johannesburg, South Africa.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2014-1252
Zandisiwe GoliathDivision of Human Genetics, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of the Witwatersrand and the National Health Laboratory Services, Johannesburg, South Africa.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5255-9055
Barry ShingwenyanaDivision of Human Genetics, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of the Witwatersrand and the National Health Laboratory Services, Johannesburg, South Africa.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8593-4042
Ingrid SmitDivision of Human Genetics, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of the Witwatersrand and the National Health Laboratory Services, Johannesburg, South Africa.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1335-8565
Bianca RossouwDivision of Human Genetics, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of the Witwatersrand and the National Health Laboratory Services, Johannesburg, South Africa.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0600-155X
Monica AraujoDivision of Human Genetics, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of the Witwatersrand and the National Health Laboratory Services, Johannesburg, South Africa.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0942-8472
Elzette GilfillanDivision of Human Genetics, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of the Witwatersrand and the National Health Laboratory Services, Johannesburg, South Africa.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1995-036X
Amanda KrauseDivision of Human Genetics, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of the Witwatersrand and the National Health Laboratory Services, Johannesburg, South Africa.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7157-0807
Nadia CarstensDivision of Human Genetics, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of the Witwatersrand and the National Health Laboratory Services, Johannesburg, South Africa.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4754-7030
Zané LombardDivision of Human Genetics, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of the Witwatersrand and the National Health Laboratory Services, Johannesburg, South Africa.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7997-2616
DDD‐Africa Research Group, as members of The H3Africa Consortium

Funding

Deciphering Developmental Disorders in Africa (DDD-Africa) - Evaluating Clinical Exome Sequencing in an African SettingU01MH115483 · NIMH · WITS HEALTH CONSORTIUM (PTY), LTD · PI LOMBARD, ZANE · 2017 to 2021
$1.3M
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development U01HD114537NIMH NIH HHS U01MH115483
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Exome sequencing (ES) has become a valuable approach for diagnosing developmental disorders (DD), improving the diagnostic yield to up to 40%, and offering a potential end to the diagnostic odyssey experienced by many families. However, there remains a scarcity of studies assessing the lived experiences of parents and caregivers of individuals with DD, particularly within an African context. From the Deciphering Developmental Disorders in Africa (DDD-Africa) study, 101 parents from 97 families who received ES results for their child with a previously undiagnosed DD participated in this sub-study, which aimed to explore parents' expected utility of ES results and the psychological, social, and emotional impacts of receiving such results. Before result feedback consultations, researcher-administered pre-result feedback questionnaires were completed to determine parents' expectations of ES results and their motivations for seeking a confirmed diagnosis. Consultation summary notes were analyzed using a deductive, literature-informed quantitative content analysis to identify psychological aspects that arose immediately after receiving results. The vast majority of parents, 98 of 101 (97.0%), expressed that they expected results to help them gain knowledge and understanding of their child's condition, and many ranked gaining a better understanding of their child's condition and potential future health problems as their primary motivator for seeking a confirmed diagnosis. Receiving a confirmed diagnosis was overwhelming and emotional for 39 of 97 (40.2%) families and elicited complex emotional responses. Results brought relief and/or a sense of resolution to 42 of 97 (43.3%) families, while 32 of 97 (34.5%) were accepting of their child's condition before receiving a result and 20 of 97 (20.6%) families experienced grief or a loss of hope. This study accentuates the importance of confirming a genetic diagnosis in individuals with DD, with parents expecting results to enhance their understanding of their child's condition, its cause, and any future health problems, illustrating the importance of genetic counseling in preparing and supporting families for ES result feedback.

Indexed as

Developmental DisabilitiesExome SequencingParentsAdultChildChild, PreschoolFemaleGenetic TestingHumansMaleReturn of Individual Research ResultsSurveys and Questionnairesexome sequencingfeedback of findingsparent perspectivesrare diseasestest utility

Identifiers

PMID42360085
PMCPMC13307626

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.