Unsupervised Flow Cytometry Reveals a Constant Shift Towards Activated CD4

Joonatan Mattila, Nelli Heikkilä, Iivo Hetemäki, Joonatan Borchers, Outi Mäkitie, Saila Laakso, T Petteri Arstila

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Scandinavian journal of immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Joonatan MattilaResearch Programs Unit, Translational Immunology, and Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2551-6316

Nelli HeikkiläResearch Programs Unit, Translational Immunology, and Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8879-1569

Iivo HetemäkiResearch Programs Unit, Translational Immunology, and Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.

Joonatan BorchersChildren's Hospital, Pediatric Research Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.

Outi MäkitieChildren's Hospital, Pediatric Research Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.

Saila LaaksoChildren's Hospital, Pediatric Research Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5588-7855

T Petteri ArstilaResearch Programs Unit, Translational Immunology, and Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.

Funding

Helsinki Univerity LibraryHelsinki University HospitalLastentautien TutkimussäätiöMD PhD program of the Faculty of Medicine of the University of HelsinkiMedicinska Understödsföreningen Liv och HälsaNovo Nordisk FoundationPäivikki ja Sakari Sohlbergin SäätiöResearch Council of FinlandSigrid Juséliuksen SäätiöSuomen Lääketieteen Säätiö 4145Suomen Lääketieteen Säätiö 6558

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy (APECED) is a rare monogenic autoimmune disease caused by loss-of-function mutations in the Autoimmune regulator gene and the subsequent impairment of negative selection in the thymus. Previous studies have identified many T cell abnormalities in APECED patients, with increased signs of activation and failure of regulation. These findings, however, have been demonstrated using traditional flow cytometry studies, prone to human misinterpretation of multidimensional data. Here we present an unsupervised flow cytometry analysis of CD4

Indexed as

CD4-Positive T-LymphocytesFlow CytometryLymphocyte ActivationPolyendocrinopathies, AutoimmuneT-Lymphocyte SubsetsChildClustering AlgorithmsFemaleHumansImmunophenotypingT-Lymphocytes, RegulatoryAPECEDTregunsupervised data analysis

Identifiers

PMID42359980

DOI10.1111/sji.70134

PMCPMC13307629

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.