ArticleFrontiers in psychology2026
Cognitive insight in patients with depression and non-suicidal self-injury.
Article in Frontiers in psychology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Cognitive insight, a higher-order insight encompassing metacognitive processes, is directly linked to patients' help-seeking behavior and disease self-management. Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) and depression are closely comorbid major global public health problems. Existing studies show depressed patients with NSSI have executive dysfunction, which may further impair metacognitive abilities. However, research on cognitive insight in this population remains scarce to date. This study aimed to investigate cognitive insight deficits in these patients, to provide evidence for precise clinical evaluation, individualized treatment, and risky behavior intervention. Methods: We enrolled 68 depressed patients with NSSI, 40 without NSSI, and 32 healthy controls. All completed the Beck Cognitive Insight Scale (BCIS); depressed patients also completed the Ottawa Self-Injury Inventory (OSI) and 24-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-24). Participants were grouped by NSSI status, further divided into mild and severe NSSI subgroups, stratified by age into adolescent and adult subgroups. Data were analyzed via chi-square, Results: In the total cohort, the severe NSSI subgroup showed lower self-reflectiveness and composite index, and higher total HAMD-24 score, cognitive disturbance and despair factors versus the mild subgroup (all Conclusion: This study demonstrates that patients with depression and severe NSSI show impaired cognitive insight, which correlates significantly with depression severity. Notably, this association shows a clear age-dependent pattern, present only in adolescent patients. For adolescents with depression and NSSI, targeted interventions for depressive symptoms, cognitive impairment, and circadian abnormalities may improve cognitive insight and reduce NSSI risk.
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