Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42358960›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in immunology2026

Soluble multi-epitope protein vaccination leverages antigen availability to drive CD8

Thomas M E V van den Brekel, Laura J W Goossens-Kruijssen, Katarzyna Olesek, Eleonora Nardini, Gregory M Koningstein, Joelle van Elk, Wouter S P Jong, Sanne Duinkerken, S Luirink, Yvette van Kooyk

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Thomas M E V van den BrekelDepartment of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam institute for Immunology and Infectious diseases, Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Laura J W Goossens-KruijssenDepartment of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam institute for Immunology and Infectious diseases, Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Katarzyna OlesekDepartment of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam institute for Immunology and Infectious diseases, Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Eleonora NardiniDepartment of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam institute for Immunology and Infectious diseases, Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Gregory M KoningsteinDepartment of Molecular Microbiology, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Joelle van ElkDepartment of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam institute for Immunology and Infectious diseases, Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Wouter S P JongAbera Bioscience AB, Uppsala, Sweden.
Sanne DuinkerkenDepartment of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam institute for Immunology and Infectious diseases, Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
S LuirinkDepartment of Molecular Microbiology, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Yvette van KooykDepartment of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam institute for Immunology and Infectious diseases, Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, Netherlands.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The shift toward precision medicine in cancer immunotherapy has increased demand for rapid, scalable production platforms for personalized vaccine antigens targeting neoantigens and tumor-associated antigens. Escherichia coli-based recombinant protein production represents a globally established system offering speed and cost-effectiveness, yet the immunogenic potential of soluble antigens produced via this platform remains incompletely characterized. Here, we systematically evaluated the capacity of E. coli-derived soluble antigen formulations to elicit anti-tumor T cell responses. Using ClearColi BL21 (DE3), a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-truncated strain free of endotoxic contamination, we produced soluble formulations containing murine OVA-derived epitopes.

Indexed as

Antigens, NeoplasmCancer VaccinesCD8-Positive T-LymphocytesEpitopes, T-LymphocyteMelanoma, ExperimentalAnimalsAntigen PresentationEscherichia coliFemaleLymphocyte ActivationMiceMice, Inbred C57BLProtein Subunit VaccinesVaccinationAntigens, NeoplasmCancer VaccinesEpitopes, T-LymphocyteProtein Subunit Vaccinesadoptive transfercancer vaccinesE. coli expression systemimmunotherapymulti-epitope antigensprotein-based vaccinetherapeutic strategies

Identifiers

PMID42358960
PMCPMC13290799

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.