ArticleChemical & biomedical imaging2026
Red Blood Cell-Encapsulated Nanoparticles for Long-Circulating, Improved Specificity Functional MRI.
Article in Chemical & biomedical imaging, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Surface-Engineered Magnetic Nanoparticles in Skeletal Muscle Tissue Engineering: From Biological Interactions to Clinical Translation.Micromachines · 2026Review
- Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel Biphenol-Based Gadolinium Complex for Encapsulation in Human Red Blood Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Nanoparticle-based MRI contrast agents have shown promise for advancing noninvasive imaging, but their clinical utility is limited by rapid clearance, poor biocompatibility, and lack of sustained signal. Here, we present a red blood cell (RBC)-based nanocarrier platform that encapsulates superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) following hypotonic dialysis and resealing of the cell membranes. This biomimetic "Trojan horse" strategy exploits the inherent circulation time, deformability, and biocompatibility of RBCs to prolong the nanoparticle lifetime and enhance the translational potential. In vivo rodent studies demonstrated that SPION-loaded human RBCs provide robust, long-lasting cerebral blood volume (CBV)-weighted functional (f) MRI signal with >5-fold magnitude stronger responses over conventional/established blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) contrast. In addition, functional brain mapping using cell encapsulated SPIONs show improved laminar specificity, with activity localized to cortical layer IV. Compared with free SPIONs, loaded cells achieved >30 min of stable
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.