ArticleAsia-Pacific journal of oncology nursing2026
Longitudinal symptom dynamics in postoperative patients with liver cancer: A cross-lagged panel network analysis.
Article in Asia-Pacific journal of oncology nursing, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the dynamic temporal associations among postoperative symptoms in patients with liver cancer using a cross-lagged panel network (CLPN) model, and to identify stage-specific core symptoms to inform targeted clinical interventions. Methods: A longitudinal study was conducted involving 230 patients with liver cancer. Symptoms were assessed using the MD Anderson Symptom Inventory (MDASI) and the Symptom Module Specific to Primary Liver Cancer (SM-PLC) at five time points: 2 days (T1), 1 week (T2), 3 weeks (T3), 1 month (T4), and 3 months (T5) postoperatively. A CLPN model was applied to estimate cross-lagged associations among symptoms. Out-expected influence (out-EI) and in-expected influence (in-EI) were calculated to identify central symptoms within the dynamic network. Results: From T1 to T2, jaundice exhibited the highest out-EI and significantly predicted vomiting (OR = 1.94, 95% CI [1.70, 2.14]). Pruritus predicted numbness (OR = 1.41, 95% CI [1.31, 1.52]), and pain predicted sadness (OR = 1.35, 95% CI [1.05, 1.47]). From T2 to T3, vomiting showed the highest out-EI and predicted jaundice (OR = 2.64, 95% CI [2.17, 2.84]), while bidirectional associations were observed between numbness and pruritus (OR = 2.64, 95% CI [2.17, 2.74]; OR = 1.21, 95% CI [1.00, 1.71]). From T3 to T4, vomiting predicted bloating (OR = 1.57, 95% CI [1.00, 1.64]) and loss of appetite (OR = 1.41, 95% CI [1.07, 1.62]), while fever predicted loss of appetite (OR = 1.28, 95% CI [1.14, 1.42]). From T4 to T5, sadness exhibited the highest out-EI and predicted disturbed sleep (OR = 1.35, 95% CI [1.22, 1.47]), loss of appetite (OR = 1.21, 95% CI [1.15, 1.46]), and fatigue (OR = 1.26, 95% CI [1.15, 1.51]). Conclusions: Postoperative symptom dynamics in patients with liver cancer demonstrate clear stage-specific patterns. Jaundice and vomiting dominate early postoperative phases, whereas sadness becomes the central symptom in later stages. These findings may inform time-sensitive and symptom-targeted nursing interventions to improve postoperative symptom management.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.