ArticleFrontiers in endocrinology2026
Association between HLA-DRB1*04:05 and the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors for patients with advanced cancer.
Article in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: Tumor cells use immune checkpoint proteins such as programmed cell death 1 to escape immunological defenses. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) that target these proteins have been used to treat several malignancies. ICI-induced diabetes is a rare but life-threatening adverse event. Our previous study evaluated pancreatic β-cell activity using the homeostasis model assessment of β-cell (HOMA-β) function before ICI treatment and demonstrated its association with treatment outcomes. In addition, DRB1*04:05 and DRB1*09:01 reportedly increase the risk of type 1 diabetes in Japanese patients, whereas DRB1*15:01 protected against type 1 diabetes. However, the association between human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II alleles and treatment outcomes of ICI therapy remains unclear. Methods: We included 96 patients who were diagnosed with advanced cancer. The HLA genotypes that cause type 1 diabetes in patients with ICI-treated cancers were evaluated to determine their association with the cancer prognosis. Results: The median progression-free survival (PFS) in the DRB1*04:05-positive group (2 months, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.214-2.786; 31 events; 1 censored event) was significantly shorter than that in the DRB1*04:05-negative group (3 months; 95% CI: 1.933-4.067; 56 events; 8 censored events) (log rank p=0.045). Additionally, a multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression revealed that DRB1*04:05 was independently associated with shorter PFS for patients treated with ICIs. Conclusions: HLA class II alleles were associated with shorter PFS in patients treated with ICIs. In particular, DRB1*04:05 positivity was associated with worse survival outcomes, suggesting a potential immunogenetic contribution to treatment outcomes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.