ArticleInternational journal of nanomedicine2026
Nanostructured Lipid Carriers Co-Loaded with Doxycycline, Gentamicin, and Thymol for Enhanced Intracellular Antibacterial Activity Against
Article in International journal of nanomedicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Brucellosis is a zoonotic infection caused by Methods: Drug-loaded NLCs were prepared using high-shear homogenization followed by sonication. The formulations were characterized in terms of particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential, morphology by FE-SEM, encapsulation efficiency, and in vitro drug release profile. Cytotoxicity was assessed using the MTT assay on J774A.1 macrophage. Antibacterial activity and intracellular efficacy against Results: The optimized formulation showed a size of 398 ± 30 nm, PDI 0.35, and zeta potential -17.5 mV, with 97% encapsulation efficiency and stable morphology over nine months. The system exhibited sustained release up to 95% at 80 h, in contrast to rapid diffusion from free drugs. Intracellular studies showed that Gen-Dox-Thy@NLC achieved a 3.4-log reduction in bacterial load, demonstrating significantly higher efficacy (~1.6-log greater reduction) compared with free drugs (p < 0.05), while maintaining macrophage viability above 85%. Conclusion: The co-loaded NLC formulation provided controlled drug release, improved intracellular delivery, and enhanced antibacterial activity against
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