ReviewPrecision radiation oncology2026
A new perspective on cancer treatment: the interaction and application prospect between ICIs and radiotherapy.
Review in Precision radiation oncology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Immune exhaustion in esophageal cancer: interferon pathway dysregulation and neoadjuvant therapy response.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The interaction between immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and radiotherapy has significantly improved the treatment outcomes for patients with cancer. ICIs activate the immune system by blocking the programmed death-1 (PD-1), programmed cell death-Ligand 1(PD-L1), and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) signaling pathways, thereby killing tumor cells. Radiotherapy activates local and abscopal effects by killing tumor cells, inducing immunogenic death, and releasing antigens and damage-related molecules. The combination of the two methods forms a closed-loop process of "antigen release-immune activation," which significantly improves the therapeutic effect of patients with cancer. Clinical studies have shown that ICIs combined with radiotherapy can significantly improve the objective response rate (ORR) and progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with solid tumors, such as Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) and melanoma. However, heterogeneous responses, immune-related adverse events (irAEs), and drug resistance are still common clinical problems. Optimizing the fractionation of radiotherapy dose, timing of synchronous intervention, and biomarkers, such as tumor mutation burden, are key to improving tumor treatment efficacy. In the future, precise tumor treatment is expected to improve patient prognosis through the interaction between ICIs and radiotherapy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.