Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42358191›Full record

ArticleAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)2026

A Programmable Multi‑Modal Information Encryption System Based on the Dynamic Wetting Behavior of Liquid Metal.

Xuedong Qiang, Min Mao, Yihao Wang, Nan Li, Mengyu Jiang, Chenkun Sun, Bangdeng Du, Jifei Ye, Linyan Wang, Fei Zhan and 1 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Xuedong QiangNantong Institute of Metrology & Measurement, Jiangsu, China.
Min MaoNantong Institute of Metrology & Measurement, Jiangsu, China.
Yihao WangState Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.
Nan LiBeijing Key Laboratory of Cryo-Biomedical Engineering, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5045-4383
Mengyu JiangState Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.
Chenkun SunState Key Laboratory of Lunar and Planetary Sciences, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China.
Bangdeng DuState Key Laboratory of Advanced Space Propulsion, Department of Aerospace Science and Technology, Space Engineering University, Beijing, China.
Jifei YeState Key Laboratory of Advanced Space Propulsion, Department of Aerospace Science and Technology, Space Engineering University, Beijing, China.
Linyan WangState Key Laboratory of Advanced Space Propulsion, Department of Aerospace Science and Technology, Space Engineering University, Beijing, China.
Fei ZhanBeijing Key Laboratory of Cryo-Biomedical Engineering, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
Lei WangState Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.

Funding

Central Universities BLX202343Fundamental Research Funds for Nantong Science and Technology Plan Project of 2024 MSZ2024061Funded by Cultivation of Technological Innovation Foundation of Space Engineering UniversityScience and Technology Innovation Program of Xiongan 2025XAGG0054State Key Laboratory of Advanced Space Propulsion 2025ASP0209
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Information encryption and security are the cornerstones of the digital era. However, traditional optical and electronic encryption techniques remain vulnerable to decryption due to deterministic material responses and predictable algorithms. In this study, we present a programmable multi‑modal information encryption system based on the dynamic wetting behavior of liquid metal. The system integrates an inclinometer sensor that utilizes the dynamic wetting characteristics of liquid metal, a probe‑driven transmission mechanism, and a three‑dimensional motion platform. Through the coupling of mechanical regulation and fluid dynamics, the system achieves secure physical information encoding with multidimensional and reconfigurable encryption capability. Proof‑of‑concept experiments demonstrate that the system exhibits high precision and stability in the encryption and decryption of image and textual information. The proposed framework employs four independent encryption parameters, and successful decoding requires deviations smaller than 0.02%. Overall, this research establishes a controllable and highly secure materials‑driven encryption framework, providing a promising route for advanced information protection and encryption technologies.

Indexed as

dynamic wettingimageInformation encryptionliquid metaltextual

Identifiers

PMID42358191
PMCPMC13336108

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.