Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42357631›Full record

ArticleViruses2026

Nationwide Detection and Molecular Characterization of Hepatitis E Virus RNA in Retail Pork Meat in Japan.

Masaharu Takahashi, Manri Kawakami, Yukihiro Sato, Tatsunori Nakano, Jun Inoue, Junichi Koyama, Hitoshi Mizuo, Tomoya Koda, Kazumi Yamasaki, Hiroshi Okano and 10 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Viruses, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

20 authors.

Masaharu TakahashiDivision of Virology, Department of Infection and Immunity, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke 329-0498, Japan.ORCID 0000-0001-6888-9318
Manri KawakamiDepartment of Hepatology, Okayama Saiseikai General Hospital, Okayama 700-8511, Japan.
Yukihiro SatoDepartment of Internal Medicine, Kamiichi General Hospital, Nakaniikawa-gun 930-0391, Japan.
Tatsunori NakanoDepartment of Internal Medicine, Fujita Health University Nanakuri Memorial Hospital, Tsu 514-1295, Japan.ORCID 0000-0003-2682-3809
Jun InoueDivision of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8574, Japan.ORCID 0000-0003-1171-7835
Junichi KoyamaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Kin-Ikyo Chuo Hospital, Sapporo 007-8505, Japan.
Hitoshi MizuoHokkaido Medical Checkup and Internal Medicine Clinic, Sapporo 060-0032, Japan.
Tomoya KodaKamikatsu Town Clinic, Katsuura-gun 771-4505, Japan.ORCID 0000-0002-8668-6378
Kazumi YamasakiClinical Research Center, NHO Nagasaki Medical Center, Omura 856-8562, Japan.
Hiroshi OkanoDepartment of Gastroenterology, Suzuka General Hospital, Suzuka 513-8630, Japan.
Akio MiyasakaDivision of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Iwate Medical University School of Medicine, Shiwa-gun 028-3694, Japan.
Shunji WatanabeDivision of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke 329-0498, Japan.ORCID 0000-0002-5449-6553
Norio IsodaDivision of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke 329-0498, Japan.
Tomofumi TakagiJCHO Sapporo Hokushin Hospital, Sapporo 004-8618, Japan.
Shinji FujiwaraMima Municipal Koyadaira Clinic, Mima 777-0302, Japan.ORCID 0000-0001-7890-2387
Hiroshi OhnishiDivision of Virology, Department of Infection and Immunity, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke 329-0498, Japan.ORCID 0000-0003-0247-5440
Putu Prathiwi PrimadharsiniDivision of Virology, Department of Infection and Immunity, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke 329-0498, Japan.ORCID 0000-0001-7401-979X
Shigeo NagashimaDivision of Virology, Department of Infection and Immunity, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke 329-0498, Japan.ORCID 0000-0001-8944-713X
Kazumoto MurataDivision of Virology, Department of Infection and Immunity, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke 329-0498, Japan.ORCID 0000-0002-3419-6297
Hiroaki OkamotoDivision of Virology, Department of Infection and Immunity, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke 329-0498, Japan.ORCID 0000-0003-0827-0964

Funding

Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development JP25fk0210132Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development JP26fk0210198
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a major zoonotic pathogen, with pigs serving as the principal animal reservoir. While consumption of raw or undercooked pig liver is a well-recognized risk factor, systematic data on HEV contamination in retail pork meat remain limited. In this study, 1546 retail pork samples collected from eight geographic regions across Japan were analyzed for HEV RNA using a validated nested RT-PCR method. Analytical sensitivity was determined using the World Health Organization (WHO) International Standard for HEV RNA, yielding a 95% limit of detection (LOD95) of 134 IU/g (95% CI: 105-193). Overall, 15 samples (1.0%) tested positive for HEV RNA, with no significant regional variation (0.4-1.8%;

Indexed as

Hepatitis EHepatitis E virusPork MeatRed MeatRNA, ViralAnimalsGenotypeHumansJapanPhylogenySwineSwine DiseasesRNA, Viralfoodborne transmissionhepatitis E virusJapanmolecular epidemiologynested RT-PCRpork meatzoonosis

Identifiers

PMID42357631
PMCPMC13307769

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.