A Self-Healing, Transparent, and Hydrophobic Flame-Retardant Coating for Wood Based on Bio-Derived Flame Retardants and Fluorosilane Surface Treatment.

Lu Liu, Hongfei He, Xiaming Feng, Ming Fu, Hongyu Yang, Bin Yu

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Polymers, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Lu LiuCollege of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, 174 Shazhengjie, Shapingba, Chongqing 400044, China.

Hongfei HeState Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.

Xiaming FengCollege of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, 174 Shazhengjie, Shapingba, Chongqing 400044, China.

Ming FuHefei Institute for Public Safety Research, Tsinghua University, Hefei 230601, China.

Hongyu YangCollege of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, 174 Shazhengjie, Shapingba, Chongqing 400044, China.ORCID 0000-0001-8738-3259

Bin YuState Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.

Funding

State Key Laboratory of High Performance Civil Engineering Materials 2022CEM004the National Key Research and Development Program International Science and Technology Innovation Cooperation Special Project between Governments No. 2025YFE0105800

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Wood's inherent flammability, arising from its cellular organic composition, demands effective protective strategies. This study aimed to develop a multifunctional bio-based wood coating simultaneously integrating flame retardancy, optical transparency, moisture-triggered self-healing, and surface hydrophobicity within a single formulation. An intumescent flame retardant (PAGHR) was synthesized via ionic assembly of a phytic acid-phosphorylated polyethylene glycol conjugate (PgP) with a piperazine-etidronic acid salt (HEPHR), subsequently blended with gelatin (G) and surface-finished with fluorosilane. The optimized coating (G/PAGHR-4) achieved a limiting oxygen index (LOI) of 37.2% and passed the UL-94 V-0 rating. Cone calorimetry demonstrated reductions of 75.1% in peak heat release rate (pHRR) and 50.0% in total heat release (THR) relative to the neat gelatin control. Char yield at 700 °C increased substantially from 17.8 wt% to 41.0 wt%, confirming effective condensed-phase char promotion. Beyond fire performance, the coating maintained high visible-light transmittance, preserved natural wood aesthetics, and achieved macroscopic scratch healing within 40 min upon ambient water contact. Fluorosilane finishing elevated the water contact angle to 122°. These results establish a scalable, environmentally friendly strategy for multifunctional bio-based protective coatings applicable to wood, textiles, and polymer substrates.

Indexed as

bio-based protective coatingsflame retardancygelatintransmittancewood coating

Identifiers

PMID42357023

DOI10.3390/polym18121497

PMCPMC13307277

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.