ReviewPolymers2026
Fresh-State Characteristics of Geopolymer Mortars for 3D Printing: Mix Design, Rheology and Early-Age Performance.
Review in Polymers, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The successful application of extrusion-based 3D-printed geopolymer mortars largely depends on precursor chemistry, activator composition, mixture proportions, and fresh-state behavior, which is highly sensitive to time-dependent structural build-up. This review examines the relationships among mix design, geopolymerization chemistry, rheological properties, and printability requirements for 3D-printed geopolymer mortars. Particular emphasis is placed on the effects of precursor type, alkaline activator characteristics, liquid-to-solid ratio, additives, and fibers on flowability, yield stress, viscosity, extrudability, buildability, shape retention, and interlayer bonding. The review further discusses how geopolymerization kinetics influence the evolution of fresh-state properties, the printable time window, and the transition from extrusion to structural stability. In addition, early-age performance is evaluated in terms of setting behavior, green strength development, and layer-interface integrity. Current challenges, including the lack of standardized test methods, limited comparability among published studies, and the complex coupling between material design and process parameters, are also highlighted. Finally, the review identifies key research gaps and proposes future directions for developing robust, printable, and sustainable geopolymer mortar systems for additive manufacturing in construction.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.