Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42356968›Full record

ArticlePolymers2026

Deodorization of Recycled HDPE: Comparative Assessment of Washing and Solvent-Based Purification Strategies with a Techno-Economic Analysis.

Aymara Blanco, Vafa Feyzi, Rafael Juan, Beatriz Paredes, Carlos Domínguez, Javier Dufour, Rafael A García-Muñoz

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Polymers, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Aymara BlancoPolymer Technology Laboratory (LATEP), Rey Juan Carlos University, Tulipán St., 28933 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain.
Vafa FeyziSystems Analysis Unit, IMDEA Energy, Avda. Ramón de la Sagra 3, 28935 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain.
Rafael JuanPolymer Technology Laboratory (LATEP), Rey Juan Carlos University, Tulipán St., 28933 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain.ORCID 0000-0001-7818-3415
Beatriz ParedesPolymer Technology Laboratory (LATEP), Rey Juan Carlos University, Tulipán St., 28933 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-8879-1884
Carlos DomínguezPolymer Technology Laboratory (LATEP), Rey Juan Carlos University, Tulipán St., 28933 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain.
Javier DufourGIQA, Group of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, ESCET, Rey Juan Carlos University, Tulipán St., 28933 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain.
Rafael A García-MuñozPolymer Technology Laboratory (LATEP), Rey Juan Carlos University, Tulipán St., 28933 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-9091-8733

Funding

Agencia Estatal de Investigación TED2021-130820B-C21
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Residual volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and non-intentionally added substances (NIASs) limit the reuse of post-consumer recycled high-density polyethylene (rHDPE) in high-value applications because they generate persistent odors and may compromise product quality and regulatory acceptance. This work comparatively assesses five deodorization and purification routes for rHDPE: agitation washing, ultrasound-assisted washing, reflux heating, Soxhlet extraction, and dissolution/precipitation, by combining VOC removal performance, material characterization, and techno-economic evaluation. Ultrasound-assisted washing with SDS achieved ~96% total VOC removal, while reflux heating resulted in near-complete removal (~98%), approaching the analytical detection limit. Soxhlet extraction with ethanol reached 94% after 1 h, and the dissolution/precipitation method provided near-complete purification and removed additional impurities, but at the expense of substantially higher process complexity and cost. Mechanical and physicochemical characterization indicated that the evaluated treatments did not appreciably compromise the measured properties of the recycled polymer. In addition, equilibrium screening with representative analytes in ethanol provided qualitative support for the solvent-polymer interaction discussion. A plant-scale techno-economic assessment identified ultrasound-assisted SDS washing as the most attractive option, offering the best balance between deodorization efficiency, process simplicity, and cost. Overall, the results provide a practical basis for selecting scalable decontamination strategies to upgrade rHDPE quality and expand its use in circular plastic applications.

Indexed as

circular economyNIASsrecycled HDPEtechno-economic analysisultrasound-assisted washingVOCs removal

Identifiers

PMID42356968
PMCPMC13306681

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.