Influence of Chemical-Modified Cotton on Thermal Properties of Flexible Polyurethane Foams and Associated Fire Hazard.

Arkadiusz Głowacki, Przemysław Rybiński, Witold Żukowski, Anna Zawierucha, Monika Żelezik, Salaeh Subhan

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Polymers, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Arkadiusz GłowackiInstitute of Chemistry, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-406 Kielce, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-6003-6940

Przemysław RybińskiInstitute of Chemistry, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-406 Kielce, Poland.ORCID 0000-0001-5131-0699

Witold ŻukowskiFaculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Kraków, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-1898-1236

Anna ZawieruchaInstitute of Chemistry, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-406 Kielce, Poland.ORCID 0009-0007-2177-4135

Monika ŻelezikInstitute of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-406 Kielce, Poland.

Salaeh SubhanDepartment of Rubber Technology and Polymer Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Pattani 94000, Thailand.ORCID 0000-0001-7743-7997

Funding

Minister of Science (Poland) under the "Regional Excellence Initiative" RID/SP/0015/2024/01

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In this study, a new approach to improving the fire resistance of flexible polyurethane (PUR) foams is presented, based on the incorporation of cotton chemically modified with boron compounds into the polyurethane matrix. The developed system was additionally modified with melamine polyphosphate (MPP). The effects of the applied modifications on the morphology and chemical structure of the PUR composites were investigated using scanning electron microscopy and infrared spectroscopy. Thermal stability was evaluated by thermogravimetric analysis, whereas fire hazard was assessed using cone calorimetry and a smoke optical density chamber. The toxicometric index (WLC

Indexed as

flammabilitypolyurethane foamssmoke emissionssurface morphologythermal propertiestoxicity

Identifiers

PMID42356958

DOI10.3390/polym18121432

PMCPMC13306684

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.