ArticleSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2026
Eye-Tracking-Based Evaluation of Visual Search Efficiency in Simulated VR Menu Interfaces: Effects of Card Layout Structure and Target Spatial Quadrant.
Article in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
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Abstract
Understanding how interface layout influences visual search performance is important for optimizing virtual reality (VR) interfaces. This study investigated visual search efficiency and gaze behavior in simulated VR menu interfaces using a screen-based eye-tracking experiment. To enable controlled measurement of gaze behavior and isolate layout-driven perceptual effects, the interfaces were evaluated using a desktop-based VR simulation. The experiment examined two independent variables: menu layout structure and target spatial quadrant. Two representative VR menu layout structures were compared: a grid-based layout arranged as a 4 × 4 matrix and a gallery-based layout consisting of four large and twelve small cards, forming a size-based visual hierarchy. Target locations were distributed across four spatial quadrants: lower-left, lower-right, upper-left, and upper-right. Participants (
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.