Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42356606›Full record

ArticleSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2026

Measurement of Cognitive and Kinematic Adaptation in Exoskeleton-Assisted Locomotion: Validation of an XR-Based Framework.

Nicola Abeni, Riccardo Costa, Emilia Scalona, Diego Torricelli, Matteo Lancini

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Nicola AbeniDepartment of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy.ORCID 0009-0006-8346-5912
Riccardo CostaDepartment of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy.
Emilia ScalonaIstituto Nazionale per l'Assicurazione contro gli Infortuni sul Lavoro (INAIL) Prosthetic Centre, Vigorso di Budrio, 40054 Bologna, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-3430-6759
Diego TorricelliBioRobotics Group, Centre for Automation and Robotics (CAR), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 28500 Madrid, Spain.ORCID 0000-0001-8767-3395
Matteo LanciniDepartment of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-2301-876X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Robotic assistive devices, such as exoskeletons, are increasingly employed in walking rehabilitation. Therefore, the measurement of both movement kinematics and cognitive workload is important to understand this human-robot interaction in real-world contexts. To address this need this study presents the validation of a framework integrating inertial motion capture (Xsens) and eye-tracking sensor (Pupil Neon) within a Mixed Reality (Meta Quest 3) architecture. We developed an overground dual-task paradigm in which holographic numbers appear in the user's peripheral vision. This setup actively stimulates visuospatial attention while quantifying kinematic and cognitive output. To validate the framework, the protocol has been tested on 30 healthy subjects across repeated exoskeleton training sessions. Statistical analyses revealed that the Coefficient of Multiple Correlation (CMC) and Spectral Arc Length (SPARC), calculated on the shank angular velocity, together with the Step Length Variability, exhibited significant time effects (

Indexed as

CognitionExoskeleton DeviceLocomotionAdultBiomechanical PhenomenaDual-Task TestsEye-Tracking TechnologyFemaleGaitHumansMaleMotion CaptureRoboticsWalkingassisted locomotioncognitive loadexoskeletoneye-trackingkinematicsmixed realityrehabilitationvisuospatial attentionwearable sensors

Identifiers

PMID42356606
PMCPMC13307154

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.